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恶性肿瘤患者的心理护理干预效果分析

来源:用户上传      作者: 刘纪红

  [摘要] 目的 探讨恶性肿瘤患者的心理护理干预效果。 方法 将我院80例临床确诊的恶性肿瘤患者随机分为研究组与对照组,每组各40例。对照组患者给予常规护理,研究组患者在常规护理基础上给予心理护理干预,比较两组患者治疗前后焦虑自评量表(SAS)评分、抑郁自评量表(SDS)评分、汉密尔顿焦虑量表(HAMA)评分及汉密尔顿抑郁量表(HAMD)评分情况。 结果 研究组治疗后SAS评分及SDS评分均较治疗前及对照组显著降低,差异有统计学意义(P < 0.05);HAMA评分及HAMD评分亦较治疗前及对照组显著降低,差异有统计学意义(P < 0.05)。对照组治疗后SAS评分、SDS评分、HAMA评分及HAMD评分与治疗前比较均无明显改善(P > 0.05)。 结论 实施合理的心理护理干预能够显著改善恶性肿瘤患者的焦虑、抑郁负性心理,为临床制订恶性肿瘤患者的护理方案提供参考。
  [关键词] 恶性肿瘤;心理护理;焦虑;抑郁
  [中图分类号] R473.73 [文献标识码] C [文章编号] 1673-7210(2012)08(b)-0125-02
  Mental nursing intervention for patients with malignant tumors
  LIU Jihong
  Department of Medical Oncology, Cangzhou Central Hospital of Cangzhou City, Hebei Province, Cangzhou 061001, China
  [Abstract] Objective To explore the effect of mental nursing intervention for patients with malignant tumors. Methods A total of 80 patients with malignant tumors confirmed in clinic were randomly divided into study group and control group with 40 patients in each group. Control group received routine nursing care, and study group additionally received mental nursing intervention, the SAS scores, SDS scores, HAMA scores and HAMD scores before and after treatment in two groups were compared. Results After treatment, SAS scores and SDS scores in study group were statistically decreased than those before treatment and control group (P < 0.05), HAMA scores and HAMD scores were also significantly decreased than those before treatment and control group (P < 0.05). But no statistical difference in SAS scores, SDS scores, HAMA scores and HAMD scores was observed before and after treatment in control group (P > 0.05). Conclusion Reasonable mental nursing intervention can obviously improve the negative motions such as dysphoria and depression for patients with malignant tumors, and it can provide reference for working out nursing proposals for patients with malignant tumors.
  [Key words] Malignant tumors; Mental nursing care; Dysphoria; Depression
  肿瘤是机体在各种致癌因素作用下,局部组织的某一个细胞在基因水平上失去对其生长的正常调控,导致其克隆性异常增生而形成的新生物。近年恶性肿瘤的发病率呈逐年增加趋势,已成为危害人类健康最严重的疾病之一。研究表明,恶性肿瘤患者的精神因素在肿瘤的发展和转归中起重要作用[1],保持良好的精神状态能够有效防止肿瘤发展。动物实验表明,长期慢性心理应激能够诱导肿瘤新生血管形成,并促进肿瘤生长[2]。因此,对于恶性肿瘤患者进行合理的心理护理干预有利于改善患者的预后[3]。因此,本研究旨在通过观察对恶性肿瘤患者实施心理护理干预的效果,为恶性肿瘤患者的临床护理工作提供参考。
  1 资料与方法
  1.1 一般资料
  选择我院2010年2月~2011年12月收治住院的80例肿瘤患者,纳入标准:①临床确诊为恶性肿瘤;②年龄≥18岁;③患者无精神、神经系统疾病;④卡氏(KPS)评分≥60分。80例患者中,男51例,女29例;年龄45~74岁,平均(62.3±4.2)岁;肺癌27例,胃癌22例,结直肠癌21例,食管癌10例。80例患者按照随机数字法平均分为研究组和对照组,每组40例。两组患者年龄、性别、疾病类型、病程等方面比较差异均无统计学意义(P > 0.05),具有可比性。全部患者均知情同意并签署知情同意书。
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