上海嘉定新城绿地园林树木病虫危害现状调查与评估
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摘要 以上海嘉定新城绿地为例,采用随机均衡样方法对 24 种常见园林树种的病虫害进行调查,将绿地分为街旁绿地、居住区绿地、道路绿地3种类别。结果发现,树木受害主要有 3 个方面原因:受气候变暖影响的病虫危害;土壤结构导致的生理性病害;种植过密导致植株受害,其中受气候变暖影响的病虫对园林树木的危害是最主要的原因。垂柳、合欢、杜鹃和香樟受害最严重。该研究为新建绿地病虫危害原因寻求积极有效的解决途径,以期实现以点带面,为上海其他新建绿地树木种植及养护 起到较好的借鉴作用。
关键词 城市绿地;气候变暖;园林树木;病虫害;嘉定新城
中图分类号 S763.7文献标识码 A
文章编号 0517-6611(2019)16-0163-06
doi:10.3969/j.issn.0517-6611.2019.16.047
开放科学(资源服务)标识码(OSID):
Investigation and Assessment of the Hazard Status Quo of Pests and Diseases of Landscape Trees in Jiading New City, Shanghai
YANG Shu ping (Shanghai Garden (group) Co.,Ltd.,Shanghai200335)
Abstract The random equilibrium method was adopted for the green space of core area of Jiading.In the field survey of 24 common landscape trees, it was found that there are three main reasons for tree damage:pests and diseases affected by climate warming,physiological diseases caused by soil structure, and planting damage caused by high density planting, among these climate warming was the most important factor to cause pests and diseases.Salix babylonica, Albizia julibrissin, Rhododendron simsii, Cinnamomum camphora were seriously damaged in this survey and whose comprehensive assessment was the least.The proactived and effective solutions to reduce the pests and diseases in new green land,in order to achieve a better suggestion for the construction and maintenance of other newly built greenland trees in Shanghai.
Key words Urban greenspace; Climate warming;Landscape trees;Pests and diseases;New urban zone of Jiading
園林树木是构建城市生态系统中最核心的要素。在城市绿地中,植物种类单一、生物多样性低、搭配构成缺乏科学性、生态结构脆弱等问题,均给植物病虫害的发生和蔓延提供了潜在条件。在新建绿地中,如何科学合理地选择园林树木,维持城市生态系统稳定,是当前城市园林建设面临的重要课题[1]。城市新建绿地往往栽种较多国内外引进的新树木,养 护管理不当,易导致新病虫害的发生,及原有病虫危害的变化。调查新建绿地中树木种植存在的问题,对提高园林树木的抗病虫能力、城市绿地生态系统服务功能具有重要意义。
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