基于ISSR标记分析油梨种质的遗传多样性

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　　 摘 要：基于ISSR分子思羌际醴治鲇屠嬷种室糯多样性和亲缘关系，旨在为油梨种质资源的合理利用提供科学依据。选用12条ISSR多态性引物对54份油梨种质的基因组DNA进行PCR扩增，利用Popgene 1.32、NTSYSpc 2.1软件计算遗传多样性参数、种质间的遗传相似系数以及UPGMA聚类分析。结果显示，筛选出的12条ISSR多态性引物共扩增出106条谱带，平均每条引物扩增8.08条多态性谱带，多态性位点比率PPB为91.83%，平均观测等位基因数（Na）、有效等位基因数（Ne）、Nei’s基因多样性指数（H）、Shannon’s信息指数（I）以及多态性信息量（PIC）分别为1.89、1.47、0.28、0.43、0.63。油梨种质间的遗传相似系数在0.66～0.91之间，在遗传相似系数0.72处，可划分为5大类群，供试种质并不完全按照地理来源进行分类。54份油梨种质有较高的遗传多样性，遗传信息丰富，ISSR标记对其多态性检测有效性高，适用于其遗传多样性分析。
　　关键词：油梨;种质资源;ISSR;遗传多样性;聚类分析
　　 中图分类号：S-3 文献标志码：A
　　Genetic Diversity Analysis of Avocado （Persea Americana Mill. ） Germplasms Based on ISSR Marker
　　ZHOU Hailan1，LI Shaopeng2，ZHOU Junan1，PANG Xinhua1，
　　OU Jingli1，PAN Zujian1，LI Juxin1，TANG Xiuguan1，Li Maofu2*
　　（1Guangxi Subtropical Crops Research Institute，Nanning， Guangxi 530001， China;
　　2College of Tropical Agriculture and Forestry， Hainan，Haikou 570228， China）
　　 Abstract：To provide scientific basis for rational utilization of avocado （Persea Americana Mill.） germplasm resources， the genetic diversity and relatedness of 54 avocado germplasms were studied based on ISSR marker technology. 12 ISSR primers with rich polymorphism and clear amplified bands were used for PCR amplification of genomic DNA of the 54 avocado germplasm resources. The genetic diversity parameters and genetic similarity coefficients among germplasms were calculated， and UPGMA cluster analysis was carried out by using Popgene 1.32 and NTSYSpc 2.1 software. Results showed that a total of 106 bands were amplified from 12 ISSR primers with an average of 8.08 polymorphic bands per primer， and the percentage of polymorphic bands （PPB） was 91.83%. The average number of observed alleles （Na）， effective number of alleles （Ne）， Nei's gene diversity index （H）， Shannon's information index （I） and polymorphism information content （PIC） were 1.89， 1.47， 0.28， 0.43， 0.63， respectively. The genetic similarity coefficients among avocado germplasms ranged from 0.66 to 0.91. Based on the results of cluster analysis， avocado germplasms could be classified into five groups at the genetic similarity of 0.72， and the tested germplasms were not completely classified according to geographical origin. The 54 avocado germplasms had high genetic diversity and rich genetic information. ISSR markers were effective for polymorphism detection and suitable for genetic diversity analysis of avocado germplasms.
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