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基于“阳虚阴结”病机探讨温阳法在前列腺癌中的应用

来源:用户上传      作者:刘德果 李姿蓉 郭晨璐 胡金辉 陈其华

   〔摘要〕 基于“阳虚阴结”病机探讨温阳法治疗前列腺癌的临床思路及经验,认为“阳虚阴结”是前列腺癌的基本病C,提出“温阳化气”为前列腺癌的治疗总纲。在临证治疗前列腺癌时应“温阳化气”,消除阴翳,温阳抑阴,促阳化气,使人体“阳化气”功能得以正常发挥,同时需依据疾病阶段、变证兼证、证候虚实,辨证选药,随证治之,以提高临床治疗效果。
   〔关键词〕 前列腺癌;阳虚阴结;温阳法;温阳化气
   〔中图分类号〕R273 〔文献标志码〕A 〔文章编号〕doi:10.3969/j.issn.1674-070X.2022.02.024
  Discussion on application of warming Yang method in prostate cancer based on
  "Yang deficiency and Yin stagnation" pathogenesis
  LIU Deguo1,2, LI Zirong1, GUO Chenlu2, HU Jinhui2, CHEN Qihua2*
  (1. Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, Hunan 410208, China; 2. The First Affiliated Hospital of
  Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, Hunan 410007, China)
  〔Abstract〕 Based on the pathogenesis of "Yang deficiency and Yin stagnation", this article discusses the clinical thinking and experience of warming Yang method in the treatment of prostate cancer. It is believed that "Yang deficiency and Yin stagnation" is the basic pathogenesis of prostate cancer. It is proposed that "warming Yang and transforming Qi" is the general treatment of prostate cancer. In the clinical treatment of prostate cancer, "warming Yang and transforming Qi", "eliminating Yinyi", "warming Yang restraining Yin", "promoting Yang Qi" should be used, so that the function of "Yang transforming Qi" can be exerted normally. At the same time, drugs should be selected based on syndrome differentiation according to the stage of the disease, change of syndrome and concurrent syndrome, deficiency and excess of syndrome, and treated with syndrome, so as to improve the clinical treatment effect.
  〔Keywords〕 prostate cancer; Yang deficiency and Yin stagnation; warming Yang method; warming Yang and transforming Qi
  前列腺癌是男性发病率最高的泌尿系统恶性肿瘤,但现阶段并无确切有效的治疗手段[1]。中医古籍并无前列腺癌相关记载,但结合其具体临床表现及病机可归于“癃闭”“尿血”“Y瘕”等疾病[2]。前列腺癌发病多因情志失调、饮食劳倦等伤及脏腑,脾肾阳气虚衰,痰、瘀、毒蓄积下焦精室而成。本研究团队在前期临床研究中发现,温阳法治疗前列腺癌有较好的疗效[3]。为求证前列腺癌发生之根源,本研究团队基于《素问・阴阳应象大论》中“阳化气,阴成形”理论,认为“阳虚阴结”病机为前列腺癌的基本病机,阳虚化气无力,阴寒凝聚成形,本病是“阳虚”化气不及造成“阴结”成形太过的结果。鉴于此,从“阳虚阴结”病机出发,探讨前列腺癌的发病机制及温阳法在前列腺癌治疗中的应用。
  1 前列腺癌的病因病机
  《素问・阴阳应象大论》记载:“故积阳为天,积阴为地,阴静阳躁,阳生阴长,阳杀阴藏,阳化气,阴成形”,此处为“阳虚阴结”病机之由来,明代医家张介宾注释道:“阳动而散,故化气,阴静而凝,故成形”。人体的新陈代谢及各类生命活动的正常运行均依赖于“气化”,阳气无形而主“动”,阳动而散,故可化气,产生防御、温煦、推动等生理作用维持正常的生命活动;而阴气有形而主“静”,阴静而凝,故能成形。人体阴阳二气的“化气”与“成形”始终处于动态平衡状态,一旦阳虚“化气”失常,动态平衡被打破,“阴成形”呈现优势发展,以过度“成形”的病理状态表现出来导致疾病发生。明代医家马莳通过《素问》《灵枢》互证对其注释:“阳化万物之气,吾人之气由阳化之;阴成万物之形,而吾人之形由阴成之。”“阳化气”的正常运行,人体气机升降有序,生命才可生生不息[4]。“阳化气”描述的是人体各项生理功能的发挥,“阴成形”描述的是人之形质和其产生的各种变化,人体的生命活动是“阳化气”和“阴成形”协调统一的结果。
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