视听疗法在成人肿瘤患者PICC置管过程中的应用研究

来源:用户上传      作者:董云亚 丁金霞 汪锦芳 吴亚子 张婷婷 李雅文 杨艳

　　[摘要]目的探视听疗法在成人肿瘤患者PICC置管过程中缓解患者疼痛、改善焦虑紧张情绪的应用效果。方法回顾性分析安徽医科大学第一附属医院高新院区肿瘤科于2019年12月至2020年9月收治的160例输液工具选择PICC置管化疗患者的临床资料，根据患者所接受的不同护理方式，分为对照组和试验组，每组各80例，对照组使用常规的PICC置管护理方法，试验组给予视听疗法进行干预，比较两组研究对象疼痛、焦虑程度，各种生理观察指标的变化及PICC相关宣教知识的掌握情况。结果穿刺前，试验组与对照组患者的置管疼痛评分比较，差异无统计学意义（P>0.05），穿刺后，试验组患者疼痛评分低于对照组，差异有统计学意义（P<0.05）;试验组与对照组穿刺前后疼痛评分比较，改善明显，差异有统计学意义（P<0.05）;置管前，试验组与对照组收缩压、舒张压以及心率比较，差异有统计学意义（P<0.05）;置管后，两组患者的收缩压、舒张压以及心率情况改善明显，差异有统计学意义（P<0.05），且试验组的收缩压、舒张压以及心率情况明显低于对照组，差异有统计学意义（P<0.05）;置管前，试验组和对照组患者焦虑程度差异较小，差异无统计学意义（P>0.05）;置管后，试验组患者焦虑程度低于对照组，差异有统计学意义（P<0.05）;且试验组与对照组患者置管前后焦虑程度比较，差异有统计学意义（P<0.05）;试验组带管生活注意事项评分与导管维护注意事项评分均高于对照组，差异有统计学意义（P<0.05）。结论视听疗法在成人肿瘤患者PICC置管过程中的应用效果显著，可稳定患者情绪，减轻疼痛，能有效提升患者对导管相关知识的掌握程度，对提高PICC置管成功率具有一定的作用，临床应用可行性明显。
　　[关键词]视听疗法;肿瘤;PICC;并发症
　　[中图分类号]R473.73 [文献标识码]A [文章编号]2095-0616（2022）02-0155-05
　　Study on the application of audiovisual therapy in PICC intubation for adult cancer patients
　　DONG Yunya DING Jinxia WANG Jinfang WU Yazi ZHANG Tingting LI Yawen YANG Yan
　　Department of Oncology，the First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University，Anhui，Hefei 230088，China
　　[Abstract]Objective To investigate the application effect of audiovisual therapy in remitting patients' pain and improving anxiety and tension during Peripherally Inserted Central Catheter （PICC）intubation in adult cancer patients. Methods The clinical data of 160 patients with PICC intubation chemotherapy who were admitted to the Department of Oncology in Gaoxin Branch of the First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University from December 2019 to September 2020 was retrospectively analyzed. According to the different nursing methods received，patients were divided into the control group and the experimental group，with 80 patients in each group. The control group received the conventional nursing during PICC intubation，while the experimental group was also given audiovisual therapy to intervene. The two groups were compared in terms of pain，anxiety level，changes in various physiological observation indices and the mastery of PICC-related education knowledge. Results Before puncture，there was a minor difference between the experimental group and the control group in the pain score，and the difference was not statistically significant （P>0.05）. After puncture，the pain score of patients in the experimental group was lower than that in the control group，with statistically significant difference （P<0.05）. There was significant improvement in both the experimental group and the control group in the pain score before and after puncture，with statistically significant difference （P<0.05）. Before intubation，there were statistically significant differences between the experimental group and the control group in terms of systolic blood pressure （SBP），diastolic blood pressure （DBP）and heart rate （HR）（P<0.05）. After intubation，the SBP，DBP and HR of the two groups improved significantly，and the SBP，DBP and HR of the experimental group were significantly lower than those of the control group，with statistically significant differences （P<0.05）. Before intubation，there was a minor difference between the experimental group and the control group in anxiety level，and the difference was not statistically significant （P>0.05）. After intubation，the anxiety level of patients in the experimental group was lower than that in the control group，with statistically significant difference （P<0.05）. Meanwhile，there was statistically significant difference in the anxiety level of patients of both groups before and after the intubation （P<0.05）. The scores of precautions for living with the catheter and precautions for catheter maintenance in the experimental group were higher than those in the control group，with statistically significant differences （P<0.05）. Conclusion The application of audiovisual therapy in the process of PICC intubation in adult cancer patients is significantly effective，which can stabilize patients' emotions，reduce pain，and effectively improve patients' mastery of catheter-related knowledge. It has a certain effect on improving the success rate of PICC intubation and has obvious clinical feasibility.

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