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基于隶属函数法对34份黄皮厚皮甜瓜种质资源的综合评价

来源:用户上传      作者:梁昕景 夏玲 王学林 曹明 杨小锋

  摘要 为筛选出适合海南地区种植的黄皮类型厚皮甜瓜品种,利用方差分析和隶属函数法,对供试的34个黄皮类型厚皮甜瓜品种的产量及品质等性状进行综合评价。结果表明:34个品种中27个肉色为红色,果形指数范围1.03~1.79,肉质以脆为主;火凤凰6号产量最大,为63000 kg/hm2,显著高于其他品种;蜜①、 Ds-85、 k2-3、 ST19-4、 Ds-69心糖含量显著高于其他品种,分别为17.47%、17.50%、17.57%、17.60%、17.67%; ST19-5、 k2-3边糖含量显著高于其他品种,分别为13.07%和13.43%;隶属函数法综合评价表明,火凤凰6号总隶属函数值最大,排名第1; k2-1、 k2-4、君网蜜3号、 k2-3位居前5,可以重点引进。
  关键词 黄皮甜瓜;品种比较;隶属函数;综合评价
  中图分类号 S652 文献标识码 A DOI:10.12008/j.issn.1009-2196.2022.03.008
  Comprehensive Evaluation of 34 Varieties of Yellow-skinned Muskmelon Based on the Membership Function Method
  LIANG Xinjing XIA Ling WANG Xuelin CAO Ming YANG Xiaofeng
  (Sanya Academy of Nanfan Scientific Research and Technology, Sanya, Hainan 572000, China)
  Abstract In order to screen out yellow-skinned muskmelon varieties suitable for planting in Hainan, 34 varieties of yel- low-skinned muskmelon were selected to evaluate their yield and quality traits comprehensively by using variance analysis and the subordinate function method. The results showed that 27 of the 34 muskmelon varieties were red and mostly crispy in fruit flesh, with the fruit shape index ranging from 1.03 to 1.79. Muskmelon ‘Huofenghuang 6’ yielded the highest, 63000 kg ha?1, which was significantly higher than that of the other varieties. The muskmelon varieties Mi①, Ds-85, k2-3, ST19-4 and Ds-69 were significantly higher in soluble solids content in the center of the fruit flesh than the other varieties, which were 17.47%, 17.50%, 17.57%, 17.60% and 17.67%, respectively. The varieties ST19-5 and k2-3 had significantly higher soluble solids contents in the outer portion of the fruit flesh than the other varieties, which were 13.07% and 13.43%, respectively. Comprehensive evaluation of all the varieties by the membership function method showed that the variety ‘Huofenghuang 6’ was the highest in total membership function value, followed by the varieties k2-1, k2-4, Junwangmi 3 and k2-3. The top 5 varieties can hence be considered for introduction.
  Keywords yellow-skinned muskmelon; cultivar comparison; membership function; comprehensive evaluation
  甜瓜( Cucumis melo L.)是葫J科(Cucurb- itaceae)黄瓜属( Cucumis)一年生蔓性植物,我国栽培甜瓜分为2大类:薄皮甜瓜和厚皮甜瓜[1]。厚皮甜瓜( ssp. melo)果实较大,果肉厚2.5 cm 以上,一般作水果生食[2]。随着社会的发展和人们生活水平的提高,消费者对甜瓜的品质和多样性需求越来越高[3]。甜瓜果皮颜色是一个重要的农艺性状,直接影响消费者的选择,其中白皮、绿皮、黄皮是甜瓜市场的主流皮色[4]。不同来源的厚皮甜瓜品种,因为受到栽培设施、栽培条件和肥水管理的影响,对环境适应性存在差异。因此,不同地区的单位分别开展了甜瓜品种的筛选和比较[5-8],但是针对黄皮类型厚皮甜瓜的系统研究较少[9]。20世纪90年代初,吴明珠等[10]在海南成功种植厚皮甜瓜,海南逐渐成为厚皮甜瓜冬季种植主产区[11]。2016年海南甜瓜播种面积2800万 hm2,总产量6万 t[12]。为筛选出适合海南冬季反季节大棚种植的优质黄皮类型厚皮甜瓜品种,丰富甜瓜消费市场,促进海南省厚皮甜瓜高质量发展,利用模糊数学中的隶属函数法,对从国内多个单位收集的黄皮类厚皮甜瓜品种的果实品质、产量等主要性状进行了综合比较,为海南省黄皮厚皮甜瓜品种的筛选和推广种植等提供依据。

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