基于主成分与聚类分析的甘蔗新品种（系）主要农艺及产量性状的评价

来源:用户上传      作者:谭秦亮 朱鹏锦 李穆 程琴 周全光 庞新华

　　摘要 为了揭示不同甘蔗品种（系）的大田性状特性，分析新植蔗及宿根蔗农艺、产量性状变化特点。以新台糖22号（ ROC22）为对照（ CK），对10份甘蔗品种（系）进行1年新植和1年宿根的品比试验，并对株高、茎径、有效茎数、蔗糖分等17个农艺指标进行变异系数、相关性、主成分分析及聚类分析。结果表明：新植蔗与宿根蔗变异系数变幅分别为4.89%～23.89%和4.06%～22.77%。各性状间存在较高相关性，在新植蔗中蔗茎产量与出苗率、有效茎数及产糖量呈极显著正相关，产糖量与出苗率、有效茎数呈显著正相关;在宿根蔗中蔗茎产量与产糖量呈极显著正相关，与茎径呈显著负相关。主成分分析得出，新植c宿根均可分为3个主成分，累计贡献率分别为90.365%和84.177%;第1主成分和第2主成分与甘蔗产量和品质密切相关，其中单茎重、有效茎数和蔗糖分是影响甘蔗产量和品质的重要因素;在欧式距离为10的水平上，10个甘蔗材料可以分为3大类，其中第Ⅲ大类的4个参试材料表现出有效茎数适中、宿根性强等特性。综上所述，桂热2号具有有效茎数适中、产量高及宿根性强等特点，可在广西南宁蔗区，特别是在良圻蔗区推广种植。
　　关键词 甘蔗;农艺性状;产量;主成分分析;聚类分析
　　中图分类号 S566.1 文献标识码 A DOI：10.12008/j.issn.1009-2196.2022.03.007
　　Evaluation of Main Agronomic and Yield Traits of New Sugarcane Varieties （Lines） Based on Principal Component and Cluster Analysis
　　TAN Qinliang ZHUPengjin LI Mu CHENG Qin ZHOU Quanguang PANG Xinhua
　　（Guangxi Subtropical Crops Research Institute， Nanning， Guangxi 530001， China）
　　Abstract In order to reveal the field characteristics of different sugarcane varieties （lines）， the changes of agronomic and yield traits of newly planted and ratoon sugarcane were analyzed. Ten sugarcane varieties （lines） were selected for evaluation with ROC22 as control （CK）， and 17 agronomic indexes， such as plant height， stem diameter， effective stem number， sucrose content， etc， were analyzed by using coefficient of variation， correlation， principal component analysis and cluster analysis. The results showed that the variation coefficients of the newly planted and ratoon sugarcane of the sugarcane varieties/lines were 4.89%-23.89% and 4.06%-22.77%， respectively. There was a high correlation between the traits. For the newly planted sugarcane， cane yield was highly significantly positively correlated with seedling emergence rate， effective stem number and sugar yield， and sugar yield was significantly positively correlated with seedling emergence rate and effective stem number. For the ratoon sugarcane， sugarcane stem yield had a highly significant positive correlation with sugar yield， and a significant negative correlation with stem diameter. Principal component analysis showed that the newly planted and ratoon sugarcane could be divided into three principal components， with their respective cumulative contribution of 90.365% and 84.177%. The first and second principal components were closely correlated with sugarcane yield and quality， among which single stem weight， number of effective stems and sucrose content are important factors affecting sugarcane yield and quality. At the level of Euclidean distance of 10， the 10 sugarcane varieties （lines） can be divided into three categories， of which four sugarcane varieties （lines） in the category III have moderate number of effective stems and strong ratooning. In conclusion Guire 2 has moderate number of effective stems， high yield and strong ratooning ability， and can be popularized in the sugarcane produc- ing areas of Nanning， Guangxi， especially in the Liangqi sugarcane producing area.

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