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症状不典型冠心病患者冠脉造影结果分析16例

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  doi:10.3969/j.issn.1007-614x.2014.11.73
  摘 要 目的:探讨症状不典型的心绞痛患者冠脉病变情况。方法:对16例无明显心绞痛症状的冠心病患者和既往无冠心病病史因急性冠脉综合征首次就诊的患者进行冠脉造影,通过分析冠脉造影结果评价冠脉病变特点。结果:冠脉造影显示,冠心病患者中三支病变人数最多9例(56.25%),双支病变6例(37.5%),单支病变最少1例(6.25%)。3组人群中糖尿病、高血压、高血脂等冠心病危险因素之间无明显差异。结论:严重冠脉病变患者往往因侧支循环形成等原因导致心绞痛发作时症状不典型,故老年人需要结合年龄、早发家族史、心电图、血压、血糖、血脂水平等综合评估,必要时及早行冠脉造影检查并给予积极治疗避免恶性心血管事件发生。
  关键词 非典型 症状 冠状动脉造影
  Analysis of the results of coronary angiography of 16 patients of coronary heart disease with atypical symptoms
  Zu Linna,Gaoju
  Space Center Hospital,Beijing 100039
  Abstract Objective:To explore the coronary artery lesions condition of patients of coronary heart disease with atypical symptoms.Methods:16 patients of coronary heart disease with atypical symptoms and patients of acute coronary syndrome without the history of coronary heart disease were selected,they were examined by coronary angiography.We evaluated the coronary artery disease characteristics through the analysis of the results of coronary angiography.Results:Coronary angiography showed,in patients with coronary heart disease,the number of three branch lesions was the most with 9 cases(56.25%),6 cases(37.5%) were double branch lesions,1 case(6.25%) was single branch lesion.There was no significant difference among 3 groups of the risk factors of coronary heart disease,such as diabetes,hypertension,hyperlipidemia and so on.Conclusion:In patients with severe coronary artery disease,the symptom is not typical during angina pectoris because of the reason of the formation of collateral circulation.Therefore,the elderly should be given comprehensive evaluation combined with age,family history,electrocardiogram,blood pressure,blood glucose,blood lipid level and so on.When necessary,patients should be given early coronary angiography and active treatment in order to avoid the serious cardiovascular events.
  Key words Atypical;Symptom;Coronary angiography
  资料与方法
  2012年1月-2013年12月收治严重冠脉病变患者16例,男7例,平均年龄(58.3±5.6)岁,女性9例,平均年龄(57±3.2)岁。所有病例经冠状动脉造影确诊冠心病(管腔狭窄大于50%)[1]。
  方法:入选患者均无典型的冠心病心肌缺血症状,如活动时胸痛、胸闷等,入院后完善常规生化检查并行冠脉造影,冠脉造影由2名有经验的心内科专业介入医师进行造影,所有患者均采用股动脉径路应用Judkin方法进行冠状动脉造影,左右冠状动脉均行多体位及角度照射,部位包括正侧位,至少2个正交投射体位造影。判断冠状动脉病变的标准:①轻度狭窄:狭窄<50%;②中度狭窄:狭窄50%~74%;③重度狭窄:狭窄75%~99%;④完全堵塞:狭窄100%;⑤左主干狭窄>30%有意义。按病变支数分为单支病变、双支病变和三支病变。
  结 果
  冠脉造影及生化结果显示,症状不典型的冠心病患者中冠状动脉三支病变人数最多9例(56.25%),其中糖尿病7例(77.8%)、高血压8例(83.3%),高血脂4例(38.9%),长期吸烟3例(16.7%);双支病变6例(37.5%),其中糖尿病4例(66.7%)、高血压5例(83.3%),高血脂3例(50%),长期吸烟2例(33.3%);单支病变1例(6.25%),患有高血压病。
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