妊娠晚期B族链球菌带菌状态的检测及带菌对妊娠结局的影响

来源:用户上传      作者:赵思孟 丁芳骐

　　[摘要] 目的 探妊娠晚期B族链球菌带菌状态的检测及带菌对妊娠结局的影响。 方法 选择江西省萍乡市妇幼保健院2020年3―8月进行妊娠期检查并分娩的孕妇500名作为研究对象。经检测后，共有70例为妊娠晚期B族链球菌带菌状态孕妇。按照抽签法进行随机分组，每组各35例。观察组孕妇破膜后或临产后，为患者预防性使用抗生素。对照组未采取措施。观察GBS检出情况、GBS阳性和GBS阴性孕妇的妊娠结局、观察组和对照组孕妇的妊娠结局、妊娠晚期生殖道B族链球菌感染的单因素分析、logistic回归分析。 结果 500名孕妇经检测后，共70例为妊娠晚期B族链球菌带菌状态孕妇，检出率为14.00%。GBS阴性妊娠结局较好，观察组妊娠结局较好，差异有统计学意义（P<0.001）。GBS阳性孕妇年龄>35岁、有过流产史经历、阴道炎经历、文化程度低的比例高于GBS阴性孕妇，差异有统计学意义（P<0.001）。年龄、既往阴道炎史、流产史、文化程度是影响妊娠晚期生殖道B族链球菌感染的危险因素。结论 妊娠晚期B族链球菌带菌状态的检测，对于发现孕妇带菌妊娠有着积极的作用，通过治疗，可以适当改善妊娠结局，其中年龄>35岁、有过流产史经历、阴道炎经历、文化程度低的孕妇更容易发生带菌妊娠，临床需引起足够的重视。
　　[关键词] 妊娠晚期;B族链球菌;带菌状态;妊娠结局
　　[中图分类号] R446.1 [文献标识码] A [文章编号] 1673-9701（2022）02-0005-04
　　Detection of group B streptococcus carrier state in third trimester and its effect on pregnancy outcome
　　ZHAO Simeng DING Fangqi
　　Department of Postpartum Health Care， Pingxiang Maternal and Child Health Care Hospital in Jiangxi Province， Pingxiang 337000， China
　　[Abstract] Objective To investigate the detection of group B streptococcus carrier state in the third trimester of pregnancy and its effect on pregnancy outcome. Methods A total of 500 pregnant women who underwent pregnancy examination and gave birth in Pingxiang Maternal and Child Health Care Hospital of Jiangxi Province from March to August 2020 were selected as the research objects. After detection， a total of 70 pregnant women were in the group B streptococcus carrier state in the third trimester. According to the lottery method， 35 pregnant women were randomly assigned to each group. The observation group： antibiotics were used prophylactically for patients after membrane rupture or labor. The control group： no measures were taken. The detection of GBS， the pregnancy outcomes of GBS positive and GBS negative pregnant women， the pregnancy outcomes of the observation group and the control group， and the univariate analysis and logistic regression analysis of group B streptococcus infection in the genital tract in the third trimester of pregnancy were observed. Results After 500 pregnant women were detected， a total of 70 pregnant women were in the group B streptococcus carrier state in the third trimester， and the detection rate was 14.00%. The pregnancy outcome of GBS negative women was better， and the pregnancy outcome of the observation group was better， and the difference was statistically significant （P<0.001）. Among GBS positive pregnant women with >35 years old， history of abortion， vaginitis， and low educational levels was higher than that of GBS negative ones， and the difference was statistically significant （P<0.001）. The age， history of vaginitis， history of abortion and educational level were the risk factors for group B streptococcal infection in the genital tract in the third trimester of pregnancy. Conclusion The detection of the group B streptococcus carrier state in the third trimester has a positive effect on the detection of pregnant women with bacteria. With treatment， the pregnancy outcome can be improved appropriately. Pregnant women with the age >35 years old， history of abortion， vaginitis， and low educational level are more likely to have bacterial pregnancy， which should be paid enough attention to clinically.
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