间充质干细胞在妇产科常见疾病中治疗潜能的研究进展

来源:用户上传      作者:刘淼　　王凤鸽　　张斌　　陈雁丽　　翟瑞霞　　满冬梅

　　[摘要] g充质干细胞是一种来源于中胚层且分布广泛的多能干细胞，具有强大的自我更新能力和分化功能，可多方向分化并分泌多种细胞因子，在治疗神经内分泌的相关疾病中已崭露头角。间充质干细胞可诱导外周免疫耐受并向炎症微环境迁移，产生抗炎细胞因子，抑制促炎细胞因子的释放，提高损伤细胞的存活率。妇产科疾病多为多因素疾病，发病率高，同时大部分疾病的发病机制尚未明确，针对其病理生理学改变尚无有效处理措施，临床上也缺少有效的治疗方案。间充质干细胞利用强大的自我更新和分化能力，可以修复或替代病变组织。其缓解异常免疫反应的免疫调节能力、产生生长因子的旁分泌或自分泌的功能以及分化为靶细胞的能力最为适合组织再生，并且不表达显著的组织相容性复合体和免疫刺激分子，因此无法被免疫监测检测到，也不会导致移植后的排斥反应，正是因为这些特性，间充质干细胞已经用于多种系统性疾病的治疗研究中，也为妇产科疾病的治疗提供可行的方案。本文系统阐述了间充质干细胞和妇产科常见疾病之间的联系，探讨间充质干细胞在妇产科疾病中的治疗潜能，以期为妇产科疾病的治疗及相关研究提供帮助。
　　[关键词] 间充质干细胞;妇产科;卵巢早衰;卵巢癌;子痫前期
　　[中图分类号] R459.9;R318.5;R587.1 [文献标识码] A [文章编号] 1673-9701（2022）09-0188-05
　　Research progress of mesenchymal stem cells in the treatment of common diseases in obstetrics and gynecology
　　LIU Miao1 WANG Fengge2 ZHANG Bin3 CHEN Yanli2 ZHAI Ruixia2 MAN Dongmei1，2
　　1.Clinical Medical College of Jining Medical University， Jining 272000， China;2.Department of Obstetrics， Affiliated Hospital of Jining Medical University， Jining 272000， China;3.Department of Laboratory Medicine， Affiliated Hospital of Jining Medical University， Jining 272000， China
　　[Abstract] Mesenchymal stem cells are pluripotent stem cells derived from mesoderm and widely distributed. They have strong self-renewal ability and differentiation function. They can differentiate in multiple directions and secrete a variety of cytokines. They have emerged in the treatment of related diseases of neuroendocrine. Mesenchymal stem cells can induce peripheral immune tolerance and migrate to the inflammatory microenvironment， produce anti-inflammatory cytokines， inhibit the release of pro-inflammatory cytokines， and improve the survival rate of injured cells. Obstetrics and gynecology diseases are mostly multifactorial diseases with a high incidence. At the same time， the pathogenesis of most diseases is not yet clear. There were no effective treatment measures for their pathophysiological changes， and effective clinical treatment programs are lacking. Mesenchymal stem cells use their powerful self-renewal and differentiation capabilities to repair or replace diseased tissues. Their immune regulation ability to alleviate abnormal immune response， the paracrine or autocrine function of producing growth factors， and the ability to differentiate into target cells are most suitable for tissue regeneration. They do not express significant histocompatibility complexes and immunostimulatory molecules. So they cannot be detected by immune monitoring and will not cause rejection after transplantation. Because of these characteristics， mesenchymal stem cells have been used to treat various systemic diseases， and they also provide a feasible treatment regimen for obstetrics and gynecology diseases. This article systematically reviews the relationship between mesenchymal stem cells and common diseases in obstetrics and gynecology， and explores the therapeutic potential of mesenchymal stem cells in obstetrics and gynecology diseases， in order to provide help for the treatment of obstetrics and gynecology diseases and related research.

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