上海徐汇区长桥街道2017学年和2018学年学生视力不良状况分析

来源:用户上传      作者:吴雯雯 周宇

　　摘 要 目的：了解上海L桥街道2017和2018学年学生视力不良情况，为制定防治学生视力不良的相关策略和措施提供科学依据。方法：对街道辖区内2017学年以及2018学年在校的9 479名幼、小、中学生依据《国家学生体质健康标准》（2014版）的标准，使用标准对数视力表和验光仪进行视力检查，检测视力状况。结果：上海长桥街道学生视力不良检出率已高达59.16%，而且视力不良检出率和重度视力不良检出率随着年级的升高而升高，差异均有统计学意义（均P<0.001）。幼儿园大班的视力不良检出率最低为45.72%，初二学生的视力不良检出率最大为82.51%，绝大多数视力不良是在学业负担逐渐加重的小学阶段开始的，占比56.17%。2018学年的视力不良检出率为61.5%高于2017学年的56.7%，差异有统计学意义（P<0.001）。无论是小学生还是初中生，女生的视力不良患病率和严重程度均高于同年级的男生。结论：预防视力不良的宣传教育、干预手段和系统管理应该从小学一年级甚至学龄前就开始实施，并且要提供有针对性的符合学生年龄段的防治手段。
　　关键词 视力不良；幼儿；小学生；中学生
　　中图分类号：R77 文献标志码：A 文章编号：1006-1533（2022）10-0045-05
　　引用文本 吴雯雯， 周宇. 上海徐汇区长桥街道2017学年和2018学年学生视力不良状况分析[J]. 上海医药， 2022， 43（10）： 45-49.
　　Analysis of poor vision among students in the 2017 and 2018 academic years in Changqiao Community， Shanghai
　　WU Wenwen1， ZHOU Yu2（1.Public Health Department of Changqiao Community Health Service Center of Xuhui District， Shanghai 200231， China； 2.Prevention and treatment Department of Mental Health Center of Minhang District， Shanghai 201112， China）
　　ABSTRACT Objective： To understand the poor vision of students in the 2017 and 2018 academic years in Changqiao Community， Shanghai， and to provide scientific basis for formulating relevant strategies and measures to prevent and treat students’ poor vision. Methods： The vision of 9 479 students in Kindergartens， primary and middle schools in the 2017 and 2018 academic years in the community area was examined by the standard logarithmic vision chart and optometry according to the national student physical health standard（2014 Edition） to check vision condition. Results： The detection rate of poor vision among students reached as high as 59.16% in Changqiao Community， Shanghai， moreover， the detection rate of poor vision and the detection rate of severe visual impairment increased with the increase of grade， and the differences were statistically significant（all P<0.001）. The detection rate of poor vision in the senior kindergarten was the lowest at 45.72%. The highest detection rate of poor vision among students in grade two was 82.51%， and the vast majority of poor vision began at the primary school stage when the academic burden gradually increased， accounting for 56.17%. The detection rate of poor vision in the 2018 academic year was 61.5%， which was higher than that in the 2017 academic year 56.7%， and the difference was statistically significant（P<0.001）. Conclusion： Publicity， education， intervention and systematic management for the prevention of poor vision should be implemented from the first grade of the primary school or even the preschool， and targeted prevention and control measures in line with the age of students should be provided.

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