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微信团队建设联合奥塔戈运动在防止社区老年人跌倒中的应用

来源:用户上传      作者:周叶 陈涛

  摘 要 目的:微信平台团队建设(微信团建)联合奥塔戈运动(Otago exercise,OE)对社区老年人跌倒效能、移动能力及满意度的影响。方法:在辖区内的选取96位老年人为研究对象,其中男性45名(46.9%),女性51名(53.1%);年龄65~85岁,平均年龄(72.02±4.93)岁。在常规OE干预4个月后,实行微信团建联合OE干预,比较微信团建前后老年人对奥塔戈运动的依从性、跌倒效能及移动能力。结果:微信团建联合OE干预后,老年人的运动天数增加了35.1%;跌倒效能与移动能力都由不同幅度的提高,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论:OE建立在微信团建平台上管理的模式能提高社区老年人的自我管理能力、跌倒效能和移动能力。
  关键词 跌倒;微信团建;奥塔戈运动;社区;老年人
  中图分类号:R47 文献标志码:A 文章编号:1006-1533(2022)14-0037-04
  引用文本 周叶, 陈涛. 微信团建联合奥塔戈运动在防止社区老年人跌倒中的应用[J]. 上海医药, 2022, 43(14): 37-40.
  Application of WeChat team building combined with Otago exercise in the prevention of falls of the elderly people in the community
  ZHOU Ye, CHEN Tao
  (Community Nursing of Changqiao Community Health Service Center of Xuhui District, Shanghai 200233, China)
  ABSTRACT Objective: The influence of WeChat platform team building combined with Otago exercise(OE) on the falling efficiency, mobility and satisfaction of the elderly people in the community. Methods: Ninety-six elderly people within the jurisdiction were selected as the research objects, among them there were 45 males(46.9%) and 51 females(53.1%); the age ranged from 65 to 85 years old, with an average age of (72.02±4.93) years. After 4 months of routine OE intervention, WeChat team building combined with OE intervention was implemented, and the compliance, falling efficiency and mobility of the elderly were compared before and after WeChat team building. Results: After WeChat team building combined with OE intervention, the exercise days of the elderly increased by 35.1%; the fall efficiency and mobility were improved by different degrees, and the difference was statistically significant(P<0.05). Conclusion: The management mode of OE based on the WeChat team building platform can improve the self-management ability, fall efficiency and mobility of the elderly in the community.
  KEY WORDS fall; WeChat team building; Otago exercise; community; elderly people
  我是老年人口最多的国家,约占世界老年人口的1/5[1]。截止到2019年末,我国65岁及以上老年人口高达1.76亿,较2018年增加5.67%[2]。跌倒是指个体突发的、不能自主的、非故意的体位改变,导致除脚以外的其他身体部位接触地面或比地面更低的位置[3-4]。跌倒是65岁以上老年人死亡的首要危险因素[5],每年每3人中就有1人发生过跌倒;80岁及以上老年人中每2人就有1人发生过跌倒[6],跌倒发生率随年龄增长而增加[7]。
  运动是有效提高老年人跌倒效能的途径之一。奥塔戈运动(Otago exercise,OE)项目是一种基于家庭模式提高老年人跌倒效能的训练计划,最早是由新西兰Otago医科大学研制,其主要包括肌力训练、平衡训练和步行[8]。在新西兰获得成效后,美国、英国、加拿大等多个国家纷纷尝试引入该项运动[9-10]。本研究旨在观察社区微信平台团队建设(微信团建)联合OE在防止老年人跌倒中应用的效果。
  1 对象与方法
  1.1 对象
  用随机抽样法抽取2020年10月-2021年2月长桥街道社区卫生服务中心辖区内的100位老年人为研究对象,纳入标准:(1)年龄≥65岁;(2)老年人及家属自愿配合本研究,并签署知情同意书;(3)老年人神志清楚,Barthel指数评定量表(自理能力评估)得分61~99分,需要照顾程度为轻度依赖,能借助辅助器具行走或独立行走。排除标准:(1)语言沟通障碍;(2)精神病患者或服用精神类药物者;(3)合并严重疾病导致长期卧床或活动受限的老年人;(4)参加其他康复训练者。其中2例因病退出(胃出血1例,急性冠脉综合征1例),2例因家庭变故退出。完成本次研究的老年人96人,其中男性45名(46.9%),女性51名(53.1%);年龄65~85岁,平均年龄(72.02±4.93)岁;Barthel指数评定量表平均为(82±16)分。

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