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基于电学法的达林顿管稳态热阻测量方法研究

来源:用户上传      作者: 高成 王怡豪 张雨琪 黄姣英

关键词: 电学法; 达林顿管; 稳态热阻; 测量方法; 误差修正; 结温

中图分类号: TN389⁃34 文献标识码: A 文章编号: 1004⁃373X(2019)01⁃0108⁃05

Abstract: Thermal resistance as an important thermal performance parameter of the power device influences the junction temperature, and is used to determine the junction temperature and safe operating temperature range of the power device. The thermal resistance of each device has a certain deviation due to the technology problem, so the accurate thermal resistance value can′t be gotten from the product manual. According to the principle of using electrical method to measure the junction temperature, the Darlington tube BDW47G is taken as the test object, and its temperature coefficient [M] is -1.835 8 mV/℃ obtained by measurement and calculation. The measurement circuit is designed, the error caused by the delay time in the measurement is analyzed and corrected, and the accurate junction temperature of the Darlington tube is obtained when the delay time is zero. The measurement and calculation method of steady?state thermal resistance of Darlington tube is obtained. The method is helpful to obtain the critical thermal performance parameter of the device, and is convenient to obtain the accurate junction temperature for the tests (such as aging test).

Keywords: electrical method; Darlington tube; steady⁃state thermal resistance; measurement method; error correction; junction temperature

器件的稳态热阻是指在施加恒定功率后,结温[TJ]与壳温[TC]均达到稳定状态下所测得的热阻。而瞬态热阻是指在器件的功耗产生阶跃性变化后,结温[TJ]还未达到稳态时测得的热阻,此时壳温[TC]可能未变也可能未达到稳态[1]。达林顿管或者其他一些器件瞬态热阻测量方法国内外均有所涉及,但是由于瞬态热阻是一种不稳定状态下的测试结果,热敏感参数变化过小,对于测试仪器精度要求高,因此很难取得准确结果。而稳态热阻测试条件接近于器件实际工作状态,可良好反映出器件工作状态下的热性能参数,因此其应更加准确的给出,具有工程应用意义。

要实现器件稳态热阻的测量,首先需要实现结温的测量,目前的测量方法有红外热像法[2]与电学法[3⁃4]。红外热像法利用器件工作时的红外辐射来确定温度,但这种方法只能测量未封装的器件,不能测量成品器件[5]。电学法利用器件电参数来表征器件内部温度,是一种非破坏性、易操作且可用于批量检测的方法[6⁃7]。

国内对于热阻测量有成熟的技术与设备,如坤道公司生产的T3 Ster,其主要应用电学法测量原理,既能测试稳态热阻,也能测试瞬态热阻,但主要应用于各种三极管、二极管等器件。

1) 温度系数[M]的测量利用高温箱,步进温度测量多点数据,进行线性拟合得出最终结果-1.835 8 mV/℃。试验结果线性指数接近1且具有高精度,避免了单点测量可能带来的误差。

2) 针对[ΔVCE⁃t12d]冷却模型进行试验,所得数据线性关系强烈,保证了外推[ΔVCE]([t12d]=0)值的准确,并对误差进行归一化处理,得到通用的误差处理方法。

3) 本文所述达林顿管稳态热阻的测量方法可以很好地减小测量误差,为提供器件较为准确的稳态热阻提供依据。

本文仅完成了方法阶段的研究工作,给出了稳态热阻测量方法,为实现其在工程上的应用价值,还需要在以下几点努力:

1) 为使测量方法的精度更高,仍需要优化电路设计使之尽量自动化控制,并自动采集电信号。

2) 本文试验验证采用外推法、归一化处理来处理由于延迟时间[td]造成的误差,此种方法是可行的。但是同一种型号产品不同器件所得到的误差修正系数[k(td)]具有一定的离散性,需要进行批量测试,后期采取统计分析工作,为确定同一型号产品可信度高的[k(td)]提供依据。

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