基于增加值视角的中国先进制造业GVC位势测度及国际比较研究

来源:用户上传      作者:綦良群,肖雄,孙菡若

　　摘要：本文基于全球r值链生产布局模型，从增加值视角出发，构建综合反映中国先进制造业全球价值链位势的主要分析框架，探讨了中国先进制造业全球价值链的具体位势。在测算中国先进制造业嵌入位置和增值能力的基础上，刻画了2000―2014年中国及主要发达国家先进制造业全球价值链位势的具体特征。研究表明：在2000―2014年间，中国先进制造业呈现出“低端嵌入”的位置特征，中国先进制造业增值能力指数小于1，说明我国先进制造业整体增值能力不强，中国先进制造业呈现出嵌入位置降低、增值能力减弱的动态变化过程，总体呈现出中国先进制造业全球价值链位势处于较低水平。同时，在全球价值链的分工体系下，中国先进制造业呈现出下游低增加值环节向上游低附加值环节的分工转移。增值能力弱是制约中国先进制造业发展的关键因素，深化内部产业结构调整，着力提升自身国内附加值，提高产业的整体增值能力是后续先进制造业转型升级的重要方向。
　　关键词：增加值视角;先进制造业;全球价值链;位势测度;国际比较
　　DOI：10.16315/j.stm.2021.05.001
　　中图分类号： F 062-9
　　文献标志码： A
　　GVC potential measure and international comparative research of China‘s advanced manufacturing industry based on the perspective of value added
　　QI Liang-qun，XIAO Xiong，SUN Han-ruo
　　（Harbin University of Science and Technology， School of Economics and Management， Harbin 150080， China）
　　Abstract：Based on the production layout model of global value chain （GVC） and from the perspective of added value， this paper constructs the main analysis framework to comprehensively reflect the GVC potential of China‘s advanced manufacturing industry， and discusses the specific GVC potential of China‘s advanced manufacturing industry. Based on the calculation of the embedding position and value-added capacity of China‘s advanced manufacturing industry， this paper describes the specific characteristics of the global value chain potential of China‘s advanced manufacturing industry and major developed countries from 2000 to 2014. Research shows that： From 2000 to 2014， China‘s advanced manufacturing industry showed a position characteristic of “low-end embedding”. The value-added index of China‘s advanced manufacturing industry was less than 1， indicating that the overall value-added capacity of China‘s advanced manufacturing industry was not strong， and China‘s advanced manufacturing industry showed a dynamic change process of decreasing embedding position and weakening value-added capacity. It shows that the global value chain of China‘s advanced manufacturing industry is at a low level. At the same time， under the division system of global value chain， China‘s advanced manufacturing industry shows the division transfer from the downstream low value-added link to the upstream low value-added link. Weak value-added capacity is the key factor restricting the development of China‘s advanced manufacturing industry. Deepening the internal industrial structure adjustment， focusing on improving its own domestic value-added， improving the overall value-added capacity of the industry is an important direction of the subsequent transformation and upgrading of advanced manufacturing industry.

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