不同药剂对2种金龟子幼虫的室内毒力测定和药效评价

来源:用户上传      作者:段爱菊 王淑枝 王利霞 韩瑞华 刘顺通 张自启

　　摘 要：通过辛硫磷和毒死蜱对铜绿丽金龟和暗黑鳃金龟幼虫的室内药效和毒力测定，研究了防治地下害虫的2个主要药剂对2种主要优势种蛴螬的抗（耐）药性现状。结果表明：40%辛硫磷乳油对暗黑鳃金龟和铜绿丽金龟3龄幼虫的LC50分别是2龄幼虫的4.63倍和1.10倍，45%毒死蜱乳油对暗黑鳃金龟和铜绿丽金龟3龄幼虫的LC50分别是2龄幼虫的5.15倍和4.01倍，因此3龄幼虫比2龄幼虫有更强的耐药性，蛴螬防治要防早防小;40%辛硫磷乳油对铜绿丽金龟2龄和3龄幼虫的LC50是分别是暗黑鳃金龟14.7倍和3.5倍，45%毒死蜱乳油对铜绿丽金龟2龄和3龄幼虫的LC50是分别是暗黑鳃金龟7.8倍和6.1倍，因此铜绿丽金龟幼虫较暗黑鳃金龟幼虫具有更强的耐药性。以铜绿丽金龟为主要优势种的地区，蛴螬的防治不建议使用辛硫磷，毒死蜱可以和其他药剂轮换使用。
　　关键词：辛硫磷;毒死蜱;暗黑鳃金龟;铜绿丽金龟;药效;毒力
　　中图分类号：S433.8+3 文献标识码：A DOI 编码：10.3969/j.issn.1006-6500.2022.06.017
　　Laboratory Efficacy and Toxicity of Phoxim and Chlorpyrifos on Two Species of Scarab Larvae
　　DUAN Aiju，WANG Shuzhi，WANG Lixia，HAN Ruihua，LIU Shuntong，ZHANG Ziqi
　　（Luoyang Academy of Agricultural and Forestry Sciences， Luoyang， Henan 471023， China）
　　Abstract： Through the indoor efficacy and virulence determination of Phoxim and chlorpyrifos on the larvae of Holotrichia parallela and Anomala corpulenta， the resistance status of two main insecticides for controlling underground pests to two main dominant species of grubs was studied. The results showed that the LC50 of 40% phoxim EC to the 3rd instar larvae of H. parallela and A. corpulenta was 4.63 times and 1.10 times higher than that of the 2nd instar larvae respectively， and the LC50 of 45% chlorpyrifos EC to the 3rd instar larvae of H. parallela and A. corpulenta was 5.15 times and 4.01 times higher than that of the 2nd instar larvae respectively. Therefore， the 3rd instar larvae had stronger drug resistance than the 2nd instar larvae， so the grub control should be early and small. The LC50 of 40% phoxim EC to the 2nd and 3rd instar larvae of A. corpulenta was 14.7 times and 3.5 times higher than that of H. parallela， and the LC50 of 45% chlorpyrifos EC to the 2nd and 3rd instar larvae of Anomala corpulenta was 7.8 times and 6.1 times higher than that of H. parallela. Therefore， the larvae of A. corpulenta had stronger drug resistance than the larvae of H. parallela. It is not recommended to use phoxim for the control of grubs in areas where A. corpulenta is the main dominant species， and chlorpyrifos can be used in rotation with other agents.
　　Key words： phoxim; chlorpyrifos; Holotrichia parallela; Anomala corpulenta; efficacy; toxicity
　　螬是鞘翅目金龟甲总科幼虫的统称，为地下害虫种类最多、分布最广、危害最重的类群。据统计，因蛴螬等地下害虫危害一般造成减产20%～40%，严重的减产70%～80%，甚至绝收，农产品质量下降造成的损失更是无法估计。经分类鉴定，暗黑鳃金龟（Holotrichia parallela）、铜绿丽金龟（Anomala corpulenta）是河南省发生危害最为严重的蛴螬优势种。目前防治蛴螬所用药剂主要有毒死蜱和辛硫磷等药剂，对蛴螬等地下害虫表现出了较好的防治效果[1-6]，由于长期单一使用这2种药剂，防治效果有所下降。本试验将这2种药剂对铜绿丽金龟和暗黑鳃金龟幼虫的室内防治效果和毒力进行测定，以期为蛴螬的药剂防治提供依据。

nlc202207261353

转载注明来源:https://www.xzbu.com/8/view-15436669.htm