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近五年高考英语广东卷基础写作解读

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  一、高考基础写作命题解读
  
  1. 近5年基础写作命题总结。
  2、命题规律。
  从以上表格的总结可看出2007-2011年,这五年的体裁都选择了应用文和说明文这两种体裁,可见说明文和应用文是近年高考的宠儿。笔者认为这两种文体深受命题者的青睐是有一定道理的。说明文有着条理清晰,层次分明的特点,而应用文则符合了语言作为交际载体的要求。在笔者看来这两类文体与其他文体相比较,更容易让考生能够客观、准确且连贯地组织语言,表达意思。
  此外,笔者认为未来的高考有可能从书信、邮件、表格等形式上命题,因此考生千万不可忽视。在基础写作中,连续四年选用中文提纲的命题方式,这使得写作要点条理化、程序化,这也为考生统筹安排文章的布局提供了便利。除了2007年外(写作内容的第5点要求阐述自己的偶像及理由),2008-2011年,都没有设置开放性的要点,这就使得考生必须认真审题,不可随意发表个人意见或观点。
  3. 命题趋势与预测。
  2007―2011年广东高考基础写作一直坚持贴近考生现实生活和考生的实际情况的原则,并逐步趋向社会热点问题。且社会热点问题都是考生较为熟悉的话题,不会偏,都是考生只要读懂题目所给的信息,根据中文提示就可以完成的文章。在坚持与考生现实生活和实际情况有关的原则下,2012年的基础写作中,命题可能涉及的主题有很多,如:
  (1)在生活中节省开支;
  (2)暑假计划的调查;
  (3)中国卫生部门禁止地沟油的使用;
  (4)如何保障校园安全;
  (5)节约用电,从我做起;
  (6)关爱生命;
  (7)良好的饮食习惯;
  (8)回收高三二手书,提倡节约;
  (9)中学生的健康成长;
  (10)交通安全;
  (11)网络安全;
  (12)信息就是力量;
  (13)公共场所的“霸位”现象;
  (14)噪音污染;
  (15)简要介绍人的寿命越来越长的原因;
  (16)政府投入大量资金改善公共交通;
  (17)礼貌用语的神奇力量;
  (18)学生兴趣爱好的调查;
  (19)建设文明校园;
  (20)快乐的秘诀就是:记住美好的时光;
  (21)对大学的选择情况;
  (22)专家呼吁限制垃圾食品广告;
  (23)高中生梦想的调查。
  
  二、高考基础写作范文解读
  
  通过研究近五年多种版本的高考基础写作的范文,笔者得出以下几点结论,希望引起广大考生的注意:
  1. 五年的基础写作范文中都使用了非谓语形式。
  (1)A book entitled Battle Hymn of the Tiger Mother by Amy Chua was published in 2010. (2011年)
  (2)The main aim is to make every public room have no smoke by posting the sign of preventing smoking. (2010年)
  (3)According to Professor Wang, slightly more than half of the school children in our country are short-sighted, ranking the first in the world.(2009年)
  (4)Shooting, originated as a means of survival, developed into a sport only in the late 19th century.(2008年)
  (5)However, the percentage of boys choosing “great figures” is the same as that of the girls.(2007年)
  2. 五年中有四年的基础写作范文中都用到的时态有一般过去时与一般现在时,因此考生在复习时务必要掌握并能熟练使用基本时态,并且特别注意一般现在时的第三人称单数形式。
  一般过去时:
  (1) Unexpectedly, the majority of mothers in China disagree with the author though her 17-year-old elder daughter was lately reported to have got offers from both Harvard and Yale.(2011年)
  (2)He particularly reminded us that how to hold a pen is also related to short-sightedness.(2009年)
  (3)The sport returned to the Olympics in 1932. (2008年)
  (4) Last week, we did a survey among 2,600 students on “ Who Is Your Idol”. (2007年)
  一般现在时:
  (1)Its author is Amy Chua, a Chinese American and professor at Yale, who tells stories in her book about how she educated her two daughters in the traditional Chinese way of educating is better than the American way.(2011年)
  (2) More than 100 thousand people per year die because of the second smoke.(2010年)
  (3)What’s more, since the holding of pen has something to do with the short-sightedness, we need to pay attention to using the pen.(2009年)
  (4) As for myself, Thomas Edison is my idol because his inventions have greatly changed our life. (2007年)
  3. 五年中有四年的基础写作范文中都使用了定语从句。
  (1)Its author is Amy Chua, a Chinese American and professor at Yale, who tells stories in her book about how she educated her two daughters in the traditional Chinese way of educating is better than the American way. (2011年)
  (2)There are 350 million people smoking recently, in which the male hold 75 percent and the female hold 25 percent. (2010年)
  (3)It is said that slightly more than 50% students, which ranks the first in the world, are short-sighted.(2009年)
  (4)As the data shows, “parents”ranks the second for the girls, but the fourth for the boys. (2007年)
  4. 五年中有三年的基础写作范文中都使用了宾语从句。
  (1)A recent report says that Amy’s elder daughter, 17, has been accepted by both Harvard and Yale.(2011年)
  (2)He also pointed out that the causes of short-sightedness are so complicated that no medicine can cure short-sightedness. (2009年)
  (3) The survey shows that half of the girls choose film and TV stars as their idols, while 48% of the boys favor sports stars.(2007年)
  5. 五年中有三年的基础写作范文中都使用了被动语态。
  (1) It is reported that the Chinese version of the book began to sell in China early 2011. (2011年)
  (2) Because of these smokers, about 540 million non-smokers are influenced. (2010年)
  (3) Women were first allowed to compete in the Olympic shooting in 1968. (2008年)
  6. 五年中有两年的基础写作范文中都使用了同位语。
  (1) It tells how the author, a Chinese American and professor at Yale University, educated her two daughters in the traditional Chinese way. (2011年)
  (2) Last week, I had an interview with Professor Wang, an eye-doctor, concerning the issue of short-sightedness of school children in China. (2009年)
  (作者单位:深圳市新安中学)
  责任编校 蒋小青
  
  “本文中所涉及到的图表、公式、注解等请以PDF格式阅读”

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