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树木保温材料缠绕、涂白与病虫害智能识别防治一体机的设计

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  摘 要:随着城市绿化建设的不断推进,树木冻害、虫害的防治逐步成为园林绿化部门的工作重点。传统人工作业效率较低,一致性不高,因此,急需一种低成本、高质、高效的绿化树木防寒防治设备。通过分析研究连续缠绕机械装置的结构原理及其工作负载的产生机理,建立基于百度AI的EasyDL定制化训练和服务平台的病虫害图谱智能识别模型,优化涂白工艺参数,设计精准施药装置,开发了树木保温材料缠绕、涂白与病虫害智能识别防治一体机。实现了保温材料连续缠绕、涂白、病虫害图像智能识别及精准施药治理等功能的集成一体化设计,结构紧凑、功能多样、可操作性较强、地形适用范围广,可高质高效的完成绿化树木保温材料缠绕、病虫害监管与施药治理等工作。
  关键词:绿化树木;防寒;病虫害;连续缠绕;智能识别;精准施药
  中图分类号:TP242文献标识码:A
  doi:10.14031/j.cnki.njwx.2020.06.007
  The Design of Tree Insulation Material winding, White Coating and
  Intelligent Pest Identification and Control Machine
  Zhang Zhiyong,Yang Yu,Qian Qing
  (Yancheng Institute of Technology; School of mechanical engineering,Yancheng 224051,China)
  Abstract:With the advancement of urban greening construction, The prevention and control of frost damage to trees and insect pests has gradually become the focus of the landscaping department.Traditional manual operationis inefficiency and interference.Therefore, a low-cost, high-quality and high-efficiency afforestation tree prevention and control equipment is urgently needed.This article analyzes the structure principle of continuous winding mechanism and the generating mechanism of its workload.It establishes intelligent pest map identification model based on EasyDL customized training and service platform of baidu AI,optimizes coating process parameters and designs precision medicine device.So we develops an all-in-one machine for twining thermal material,intelligent identification and control of diseases and insect pests.The functions of intelligent identification of image of white diseases and insect pests and precision medicine treatment are realized.The machine has some features whichcompact structure, diverse functions, strong maneuverability and wide range of terrain application,and it can competes tasks that twining thermal insulation material,pest control and pesticide application efficiencily.
  Keywords:management of trees;cold-proof;plant diseases and insect pests;continuous winding;intelligent identification;precision medicine
  0 引言
  隨着我国工业化进程的不断推进,自动化技术的推广应用已深入各行各业。实现机器设备、系统或过程(生产、管理过程)在无人或较少人的直接参与下,经自动检测、信息处理、分析判断、操纵控制,达到预期的任务要求。机械自动化已经被提出多年,但在行道、公园绿化树木的防寒和病虫害检测、预防等进程仍然较为缓慢[1-2]。
  城市绿化建设过程中许多树木需要移植栽培,易受到各类创伤,导致成活率降低。为了提高绿化树木的成活率,需采用草绳、植物绷带等柔性保温材料缠绕在树木表面,以达到保温、保湿、遮阳等目的[3-4]。在寒冷的冬季,树木表面需做到增温、减湿,而在炎热的夏季则相反,需做到降温、保湿、防晒。但目前绿化树木保温材料不能根据季节变化进行自我调节,冬季给树木缠绕保温材料,春季需及时卸下,如不及时进行人工更换处理则会引起病菌害虫,影响绿化树木的健康生长。因此,季节更替导致绿化树木每年都需要进行防寒和病虫害防治工作,然而传统绿化养护基本采用人工操作,工作量大、质量一致性较差且效率较低[5]。保护绿化树木抵御寒冷安全越冬,一直以来都是国内外植物防治领域的重要研究方向。目前国内采用的防寒、病虫害治理措施,仍以人工作业为主,尚无成熟的机械自动化解决方案。
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