如何提高中学生的英语学习效率

来源:用户上传      作者: 马敬镁

　　摘要：在帮助中学生提高他们的英语学习效率。首先介绍了学习效率的内容以及中学生高效学习效率的标准，包括数量和质量上的标准，然后又从不同角度分析了能够影响中学生英语学习的几点主要因素，包括生理因素、心理因素、学生的学习因素以及教师的教法因素，进而找到了能够解决这些影响因素的一些办法，例如：老师可在家长的帮助下，让学生对自己的身体健康重视起来。英语老师可以通过改善老师与学生之间的关系来引起学生对英语这门科目的兴趣与动力；可以通过在课堂上对英语的言语控制来提高中学生的英语学习效率；同时，英语老师也可以帮助学生提高他们的英语记忆能力。
　　关键词：英语；中学生；学习效率
　　中图分类号：G642.0文献标志码：A文章编号：1673-291X（2011）09-0307-02
　　
　　一、Learning Efficiency
　　1.Definition.What is the learning efficiency? It is，in the unit of time，the learners achieve learning effects.Some people simply understand the learning efficiency is whether middle school students’ homework is done fast or not，or after a relatively long time，middle school students study with a good effect.However，these can not be considered as learning efficiency accurately.In fact，there is not too much difference among people from the perspective of the brain.The point is learning methods.Everyone has only 24 hours a day，and this is the fairest thing in the world，but that how will you arrange them to do more things in the limited time comes different.This is the learning efficiency.
　　2. The Criterion of High Learning Efficiency.（1） Quantitative Criteria.What are the quantitative criteria? In the unit time，the more tasks students have completed the better.（2）Qualitative Criteria.What are the qualitative criteria? Many middle school students did a lot of exercise，but they just only satisfied with working out answers，and little to think deeply.The result is that if the questions are transformed another forms，they are not able to work out them.After all，the thinking ability is the core content of all kinds of tests.So，it is valuable to learn with students’ heart，which reflects the high qualitative standards of learning.
　　二、The Factors Affecting Learning Efficiency
　　1.Physiological Factors .Physiological factors contain sleeping，physique，diet，disease，etc.If a student lacks sleeping for long time，or has a bad sleeping quality，he will get a bad English learning state.We can often find such kind of middle school students: in the class，the middle school students often do not put their mind to teachers’ words，and their mind can not become too excited.Most of them are because they do their homework very slowly，and usually get to sleep after 1am.However，many middle school students could not get well enough physiological conditions，and that is what teachers and parents should pay attention to.
　　2.Psychological Factors.One kind of psychological factors is middle school students’ relationships with their parents，teachers，classmates，etc.amongst them，the relations between students and teachers are the direct factor which can affect English learning efficiency.、Another kind of psychological factor is the supports and securities of improving English learning efficiency，which includes self-confidence，willpower，emotional state，anxiety，and so on.
　　3.Teaching Factors .As studies have shown，what many English teachers did not pay attention to is the speech of their own English speaking in class，and this can affect middle school students’ English learning efficiency very much.As the relationship between language and thought is inseparable，the controlling of English language，in fact，is the controlling of thinking process.In English class，if teachers could prepare their output speech fully and grasp appropriately，it could be the major step to effectively promote the development of middle school students’ English language with teachers’ control coordinating with students’ self-control.

　　4.Learning Factors.As people know，the intake of basic English knowledge determines the students’ ability of using English.However，most of the students’ English memory is not optimistic.The problem can not only affects the students learning efficiency，but also take up much of the students’ valuable time.Therefore，if students can improve their English memory with the help of their teachers，they will not only reduce the studying burden on，but also improve the learning efficiency.
　　三、Approaches to Improve Middle School Students’ English Learning Efficiency
　　1.Physiological Factors: Stressing On Middle School Students’ Activities.Long-term exam-oriented education model can not only damage the health of middle school students，but also fall into the bad habit of growing of going for workout.Emphasizing on intellectual development and ignoring sports are the main states of most of middle school students.
　　2.Psychological Factors: Enhancing the Emotional Interactions between Teachers and Middle School Students.（1）Increasing the Emotional Investment.Teachers should teach middle school students enthusiastically，and put sincere love to move the middle school students，so as to take their hearts; if every student often feels his teachers love，care and respect，their healthy emotions will be inspired，and they will become dynamic and then have positive motivation to learn，so as to build their capabilities in harmonious atmospheres.（2）Respecting the Students.There should be mutual esteem between teachers and middle school students.Teachers should dilute the boundaries and contradictions between teachers and middle school students，be able to fully enjoy middle school students’ success，and participate in middle school students’ various activities practically.
　　3.Teaching Factors: Controlling English Teachers’ Speech.（1）Restricting Students’Acceptable Level.As the differences on knowledge base，language skills and thinking ability，there will be different results in receiving and processing the information of English language.While communicating with middle school students，teachers can be appropriate to emphasize the instruction or the knowledge of language points to attract the attention of middle school students by repeating，so as to improve the intelligibility and correctness of the input language.（2）Restricting Teaching Speed.The so-called teaching speed means the quality which both a teacher works in the time and middle school students learn from the class.Therefore，the speed of teaching，in essence，has outstanding beneficial properties.What I mainly oppose is keeping instilling English knowledge or explaining English in Chinese during the whole class.Also，I don’t support both asking questions during the whole class or leaving the questions occurred in the class to be solved after class by middle school students themselves.
　　4.Learning Factors: Improving Middle School Students’ English Memory.（1）Deepening Impressions of New Knowledge in Novel Ways.If teachers want to improve the efficiency of middle school students’ memory of foreign language，it is necessary to make teaching activities comply with the law of psychology.（2）Transforming the Mechanical Memory to the Comprehensive Memory.While learning a foreign language，middle school students may promote the understanding of the potential abilities by some logical thinking activities，such as comparison and classification，and by doing so，middle school students’ actual memory effect will be much better than“rote”.Another way to improve the memory efficiency of English is that middle school students can transform the mechanical memory to comprehensive memory.

　　四、Conclusion
　　In short，learning efficiency is a notion with a broad scope indispensable to middle school students to learn English.Its classifications and solutions can not be fully elaborated in this thesis owing to the limitation of space.This thesis has discussed only a very small part of the subject with the main solutions that it can induce more people who are interested in this subject to do more and deeper studies and come up with valuable opinions.
　　
　　参考文献：
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　　How to Improve Middle School Students’ English Learning Efficiency
　　
　　MA Jing-mei
　　（Harbin Normal University，Harbin 150080，China）
　　Abstract: The article aims to help middle school students improve their English learning efficiency.At the very beginning，the article introduces the content of learning efficiency and the criteria of high learning efficiency for middle school students，which include quantitative criteria and qualitative criteria.Then some factors which can affect middle school students’ English learning efficiency are analyzed from different aspects，such as physiological factors，psychological factors，teaching factors，and learning factors，and then some approaches are found to solve the factors.For example，together with parents，English teachers can promote middle school students’ awareness of the importance of a good physiological state; they can enhance their emotional interactions with middle school students; English teachers also may use some special approaches to improve middle school students’ English memory.
　　Key words: English; middle school students; learning efficiency[责任编辑 魏杰]

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