小儿发热运用穴位推拿干预的护理效果

来源:用户上传      作者:甘美英 黄文影 陈雄英 林冬云 虞斌 刘雪萍 曾艳青 黄若敏

　　 【摘要】 目的：探讨穴位推拿对于小儿发热的护理干预效果。方法：将2019年1-10月于本院接受治疗的急性上呼吸道感染的100例发热患儿作为研究对象，按照随机数字表法将其分为试验组与对照组，每组50例。对照组给予常规护理，试验组在对照组基础上给予穴位推拿护理干预。比较两组患儿布洛芬混悬液人均日剂量及单日频次、临床疗效、患儿家属护理满意度。结果：试验组布洛芬混悬液的日平均剂量及单日频次均少于对照组，差异均有统计学意义（P<0.05）。试验组治疗总有效率为84.00%，显著高于对照组的32.00%，差异有统计学意义（P<0.05）。试验组的满意度为100%，明显高于对照组的90.00%，差异有统计学意义（P<0.05）。结论：对于急性上呼吸道感染发热的患儿，开展穴位推拿护理干预可以快速缓解患儿发热症状，减少退热药物的使用量，提升护理服务的满意度，可在今后护理工作中推广运用。
　　 【关键词】 小儿发热 穴位推拿 护理干预
　　 [Abstract] Objective： To explore the nursing intervention effect of acupoint massage on fever in children. Method： A total of 100 febrile children with acute upper respiratory tract infection who were treated in our hospital from January to October 2019 were studied. According to the random number table method， they were divided into experimental group and control group， 50 cases in each group. The control group was given routine nursing care， the experimental group was given acupoint massage nursing intervention on the basis of the control group. The daily dose of Ibuprofen Suspension per capita， daily frequency， clinical efficacy and nursing satisfaction of the children’s families were compared between the two groups. Result： The average daily dose and daily frequency of the antipyretic Ibuprofen Suspension in the experimental group were lower than those in the control group， the differences were statistically significant （P<0.05）. The total effective rate of treatment in the experimental group was 84.00%， significantly higher than 32.00% in the control group， the difference was statistically significant （P<0.05）. The satisfaction of the experimental group was 100%， significantly higher than 90.00% in the control group， the difference was statistically significant （P<0.05）. Conclusion： For children with acute upper respiratory tract infection and fever， acupoint massage nursing intervention can quickly alleviate the fever symptoms of children， reduce the use of antipyretic drugs， improve the satisfaction of nursing services， can be used in the future nursing work.[Key words] Children fever Acupoint massage Nursing intervention First-author’s address： The Sixth Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University （Qingyuan People’s Hospital）， Qingyuan 511518， China
　　
　　 發热是儿科患者常见临床症状，以急性上呼吸道感染为主，一般由外源性致热原进入机体，影响体温调节中枢所致[1-2]，多具季节性、流行性发病的特点。对于发热的处理，临床多以非甾体抗炎药物治疗为主，以对乙酰氨基酚和布洛芬混悬液居多[3-4]，考虑到儿童的特殊体质，退热过程可能会结合物理降温的方式，如用温水或酒精擦拭患儿躯干或四肢，虽然酒精的散热效果较好，但鉴于其对皮肤的刺激性及过敏风险，物理退热多以温水擦浴为主，但退热效果及患儿的舒适程度仍有所欠缺。相关研究结果表明，非甾体抗炎药的退热效果虽然较好，但随着给药剂量的上升，其退热效果会逐渐降低，而不良反应发生率明显增加，即所谓的“天花板效应”[5-6]，如应用不当，对患儿的健康将产生不利影响，也会增加患儿家属的焦虑情绪，此外，患儿夜间发热时，家属在其熟睡后仍给予擦浴或冰敷等物理降温方式，严重影响患儿及家属的休息，无形之中增加护患矛盾风险。小儿穴位推拿是我国传统中医的特色分支，该治疗手段具有起效明显，操作简单，安全性高，费用低廉的优点，尤其是在小儿退热方面具有显著作用，已经得到诸多临床研究的证实[7-9]。笔者结合上述观点，将2019年1-10月于本院接受治疗的急性上呼吸道感染发热的患儿作为研究对象，对其开展开穴位推拿，探讨其临床护理效果，现将研究结果报道如下。
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