经伤椎置钉短节段固定治疗胸腰段脊椎骨折合并脊髓神经损伤的可行性和疗效观察
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【摘要】 目的:探讨经伤椎置钉短节段固定治疗胸腰段脊椎骨折合并脊髓神经损伤的可行性和效果。方法:选取2017年4月-2018年4月在本院接受治疗的胸腰段脊椎骨折合并脊髓神经损伤患者96例。按照随机数字表法将其分为研究组和对照组,各48例。研究组采用经伤椎置钉短节段固定手术治疗,对照组采用传统经伤椎手术方法。比较两组治疗情况、治疗效果及疼痛评分。结果:研究组治疗总有效率为95.8%,高于对照组的77.1%(P<0.05);研究组手术时间、住院时间、术中出血量均少于对照组,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05);研究组术后疼痛评分低于对照组(P<0.05)。结论:在胸腰段脊椎骨折合并脊髓神经损伤患者的临床治疗过程中,使用经伤椎置钉短节段固定治疗方法能够显著提高患者的治疗效果,改善治疗情况,值得在临床上进一步推广应用。
【关键词】 经伤椎置釘短节段固定; 胸腰段脊椎骨折; 脊髓神经损伤; 可行性; 疼痛评分
【Abstract】 Objective:To investigate the feasibility and efficacy of transpedicular pedicle screw short segment fixation in treatment of thoracolumbar vertebral fracture combined with spinal nerve injury.Method:A total of 96 patients with thoracolumbar vertebral fracture and spinal cord nerve injury from April 2017 to April 2018 in our hospital were selected.According to the random number table method,they were divided into study group and control group,48 cases in each group.The study group was treated with transpedicular pedicle screw short segment fixation,while control group was treated with traditional operation.The treatment conditions,therapeutic effect and pain score between two groups were compared.Result:The total effective rate in study group was 95.8%,higher than 77.1% of control group(P<0.05).The operation time,hospitalization time and intraoperative bleeding volume of study group were less than those of control group,the differences were statistically significant(P<0.05).The postoperative pain score of study group was lower than that of control group(P<0.05).Conclusion:In the clinical treatment of thoracolumbar vertebral fracture combined with spinal cord nerve injury,the use of transpedicular pedicle screw short segment fixationcan significantly improve the treatment effect of patients,improve the treatment situation,it is worth further promotion and application in clinical practice.
【Key words】 Transpedicular pedicle screw short segment fixation; Thoracolumbar vertebral fracture; Spinal nerve injury; Feasibility; Pain score
First-author’s address:The People’s Hospital of Yichun City,Yichun 336000,China
doi:10.3969/j.issn.1674-4985.2019.11.014
胸腰段脊椎骨折是当下一种常见的骨折损伤,该损伤多见于男性青年患者,大多都是外力撞击产生的损伤[1]。胸腰段脊椎骨折的多发事故原因有很多,最主要的就是患者自高空坠落时,臀部或者脚掌先着地,在着地的一瞬间外力直接上传到患者的胸腰段导致该部位发生骨折。胸腰段脊椎骨折患者的临床表现主要包括:胸腰段发生畸形,按压时有压痛,患者在活动时感到剧烈疼痛,不能正常进行活动,患者还会产生大小便障碍等,对于这类患者来说,如果不能及时进行有效的治疗,患者的病情将会一度恶化,严重时患者可能截瘫,生命健康受到极大威胁[2]。对于胸腰段脊椎骨折患者来说,接受治疗的主要目的就是恢复患者脊柱的正常生理曲度,并且固定其生理上的稳定性,解除因为弯曲而导致的对患者脊髓和神经根的压迫。目前临床上针对这类患者的治疗方法较多,包括前路手术、后路手术、两者联合手术等,但是随着我国脊柱矫形方面的发展,发现经伤椎置钉手术短节段固定的治疗效果较为良好[3]。本文主要分析经伤椎置钉短节段固定治疗胸腰段脊椎骨折合并脊髓神经损伤的可行性和疗效,本院就此已经取得了一定的研究成果,现报道如下。
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