早期护理干预在预防老年非小细胞肺癌患者术后肺部感染及呼吸衰竭中的应用效果评价

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　　[摘要] 目的 研究分析早期护理干预在预防老年非小细胞肺癌患者术后肺部感染及呼吸衰竭中的应用效果。 方法 选擇2017年3月～2018年3月期间我院收治的的老年非小细胞肺癌患者60例，根据红蓝球分组的方式分为对照组和观察组，每组各30例。对照组接受常规护理，观察组联合早期护理干预，对两组患者的护理效果进行比较。结果 观察组患者肺部感染发生率与呼吸衰竭发生率均显著低于对照组，差异有统计学意义（P<0.05）;两组患者护理前ALB、TCH、TG以及TLC比较，差异无统计学意义（P>0.05）;护理后两组患者的各项指标均较护理前改善，且观察组改善幅度最为明显，差异有统计学意义（P<0.05）;观察组患者住院时间明显较对照组少，护理满意度评分则明显较对照组高，差异有统计学意义（P<0.05）。 结论 早期护理干预在预防老年非小细胞肺癌患者术后肺部感染及呼吸衰竭中效果显著。
　　[关键词] 早期护理干预;老年非小细胞肺癌;肺部感染;呼吸衰竭
　　[中图分类号] R473.73          [文献标识码] B          [文章编号] 1673-9701（2019）22-0139-04
　　[Abstract] Objective To analyze the effect of early nursing intervention in preventing postoperative pulmonary infection and respiratory failure in elderly patients with non-small cell lung cancer. Methods 60 elderly patients with non-small cell lung cancer admitted to our hospital from March 2017 to March 2018 were divided into control group and observation group according to the method of red and blue ball grouping， with 30 cases in each group. The control group was given routine nursing and the observation group was combined with early stage nursing interventions. The nursing effects were compared. Results The incidence of pulmonary infection and the incidence of respiratory failure in the observation group were significantly lower than those in the control group（P<0.05）. There was no difference in the pre-treatment ALB， TCH， TG and TLC between the two groups（P>0.05）; after treatment， the indexes of the two groups were improved compared with those before the treatment， and the improvement of the observation group was more obvious， and the difference was statistically significant （P<0.05）; the hospitalization stay was significantly shorter in the observation group， and the satisfaction was significantly higher in the observation group（P<0.05）. Conclusion Early nursing intervention is effective in preventing postoperative pulmonary infection and respiratory failure in elderly patients with non-small cell lung cancer.
　　[Key words] Early care intervention; Elderly non-small cell lung cancer; Pulmonary infection; Respiratory failure
　　肺癌为我国发病率和死亡率均位居第一的肿瘤疾病，在肺癌中，非小细胞肺癌的发生率约占80%[1，2]。外科手术配合术后放化疗为临床治疗肺癌的主要措施，但是手术治疗对患者机体存在较大的损伤，且患者受病程长、机体功能下降等因素的影响，其术后发生肺部感染及呼吸系统并发症的概率较高，其可直接影响患者术后的生存质量及预后。本研究旨在分析老年非小细胞肺癌患者术后接受早期护理干预的效果，现报道如下。
　　1 资料与方法
　　1.1 一般资料
　　选取2017年3月～2018年3月期间在我院收治的老年非小细胞肺癌患者60例作为研究对象，采用红蓝球分组方式将其分为对照组与观察组，每组各30例。对照组30例，其中男19例，女11例;平均年龄（67.89±4.48）岁。观察组30例，其中男21例，女9例;平均年龄（67.95±4.42）岁。
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