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滋肾明目饮在葡萄膜炎并白内障术后的应用效果

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  [摘要]目的 探究滋腎明目饮在葡萄膜炎并白内障术后的应用效果。方法 选取2018年4月~2019年2月于我院接受手术治疗的85例葡萄膜炎并白内障患者作为研究对象,共96只眼,根据随机数字表法将其分为对照组(42例,48只眼)和研究组(43例,48只眼)。对照组患者术后予以常规治疗,研究组患者在对照组的基础上术后给予滋肾明目饮药方。比较两组患者术后视力恢复情况、前房炎症情况,手术前后眼压、黄斑中心视网膜厚度,临床效果、并发症发生及复发情况。结果 研究组患者的术后视力恢复情况优于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。研究组患者术后的眼压低于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。研究组患者术后1、7 d均无四级前房炎症情况发生;研究组患者术后1、7 d的前房炎症情况均好于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。研究组患者术后的黄斑中心视网膜厚度低于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。研究组患者的临床效果优于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。研究组患者的并发症发生率、复发率均低于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论 葡萄膜炎并白内障术后实施滋肾明目饮联合治疗方案,可显著改善患者视力水平,利于患者眼压恢复,能改善前房炎症反应及角膜指标,利于患者预后,适用于临床推广。
  [关键词]滋肾明目饮;葡萄膜炎;白内障;术后;临床疗效
  [中图分类号] R276.722.1          [文献标识码] A          [文章编号] 1674-4721(2020)3(c)-0091-04
  Application effect of Zishen Mingmu Decoction after surgery of uveitis complicated with cataract
  LU Lu
  Department of Ophthalmology, Tai′an Maternal and Child Health Hospital, Shandong Province, Tai′an   271000, China
  [Abstract] Objective To study the application effect of Zishen Mingmu Decoction after surgery of uveitis complicated with cataract. Methods A total of 85 patients with uveitis complicated with cataract (96 eyes) who underwent surgical treatment in our hospital from April 2018 to February 2019 were selected as the research objects, and they were divided into the control group (42 cases, 48 eyes) and the study group (43 cases, 48 eyes) according to the random number table method. Patients in the control group were given conventional treatment after surgery, while patients in the study group were given Zishen Mingmu Decoction on the basis of the control group. The postoperative visual acuity recovery, anterior chamber inflammation, intraocular pressure, macular center retinal thickness before and after surgery, clinical effect, incidence of complications and recurrence were compared between the two groups. Results The postoperative visual acuity recovery of the study group was better than that of the control group, and the difference was statistically significant (P<0.05). The intraocular pressure after surgery in the study group was lower than that in the control group, and the difference was statistically significant (P<0.05). There were no grade 4 anterior chamber inflammations in the study group at 1 and 7 days after surgery. The anterior chamber inflammations of patients in the study group at 1 and 7 days after surgery were better than those in the control group, and the differences were statistically significant (P<0.05). The macular center retinal thickness in the study group was lower than that in the control group, and the difference was statistically significant (P<0.05). The clinical effect of the study group was better than that of the control group, and the difference was statistically significant (P<0.05). The incidence rate of complications and recurrence rate of patients in the study group were lower than those in the control group, and the differences were statistically significant (P<0.05). Conclusion Zishen Mingmu Decoction in the treatment of uveitis complicated with cataract can significantly improve the visual acuity, facilitate the recovery of intraocular pressure, improve the inflammatory reaction of anterior chamber and corneal index, and it is beneficial to the prognosis of patients, which is suitable for clinical promotion.   2.4两组患者手术前后黄斑中心视网膜厚度的比较
  两组患者术前的黄斑中心视网膜厚度比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);两组患者术后的黄斑中心视网膜厚度均高于术前,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);研究组患者术后的黄斑中心视网膜厚度低于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)(表4)。
  2.5两组患者临床效果的比较
  研究组患者中疗效显著38例,有效5例,无效0例;对照组患者中疗效显著20例,有效22例,无效0例。研究组患者的临床效果优于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。
  2.6两组患者随访情况的比較
  两组患者均成功随访3个月,研究组患者随访期间无严重并发症,2例患者表现为头晕、失眠、肢体无力,无药物干预后自行缓解,并发症发生率为4.65%,无复发情况;对照组有13例患者表现为头晕、失眠、肢体无力,无药物干预后自行缓解,并发症发生率为30.95%,4例患者复发,复发率为9.52%。研究组患者的并发症发生率、复发率均低于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。
  3讨论
  葡萄膜炎为临床常见并及多发的眼科疾病,主要为患眼睫状体、虹膜及脉络膜炎症反应,具有高发病率及高复发率的特点,严重危害患者视力水平,导致患者视力障碍,若没有及时给予治疗,极易导致失明情况的发生,危害患者身体健康[10]。随着临床对眼科疾病认知的深入,临床针对葡萄膜炎并白内障多建议采用白内障超声乳化联合人工晶体植入术,通过上述手术治疗,可帮助患者改善临床症状,帮助患者缓解视力情况,多数患者术后视力得到了显著的改善;但由于葡萄膜炎并白内障疾病多合并瞳孔膜闭、局部虹膜后粘连严重,手术剥离的难度大,手术操作较为复杂[11-12]。临床充分考虑术后并发症的特异性,术后多频繁予以患者激素类眼药水,但是过量的药物会导致激素性青光眼、激素性干眼等,药物副作用较大[13]。我国传统医学认为葡萄膜炎并白内障与肝肾相关,临床治疗以滋补肝肾、健脾明目为主,选取滋阴明目饮加减治疗,本方中以熟地黄为君药,重在滋阴明目,麦冬养阴生津,五味子收敛益气生津、补肾宁心,三者共补肝肾之阴;密蒙花、木贼草、青葙子清肝明目、养肝退翳;太子参健运脾胃,以复中焦升清之力,使清气上承于头目。全方配伍,共奏滋补肝肾、益精明目之效,可有效改善患者术后房水情况,利于眼部的消肿,尽快帮助患者改善压力,恢复视力损伤情况,提高手术完成质量,利于患者术后恢复[14-15];同时可有效规避并发症发生,无刺激性药物干预,确保药物干预的安全性及有效性[16]。
  本研究通过给予患者自拟中药方,结果显示,研究组患者的术后视力恢复情况优于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05),提示采用滋肾明目饮联合治疗视力改善更佳。术前,两组患者的眼压比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);两组患者术后的眼压均低于术前,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);研究组患者术后的眼压低于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。研究组患者术后1 d无四级前房炎症情况,研究组患者术后1 d前房炎症情况较对照组患者轻,术后7 d前房炎症情况改善显著,研究组患者炎性反应缓解情况更佳。两组患者术前的黄斑中心视网膜厚度比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);两组患者术后的黄斑中心视网膜厚度均高于术前,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);研究组患者术后的黄斑中心视网膜厚度低于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。研究组术后黄斑中心视网膜厚度改善较好,无明显增生情况。研究组患者的临床效果优于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。研究组患者随访期间的并发症发生率为4.65%,无复发情况;对照组的并发症发生率为30.95%,复发率为9.52%。研究组患者的并发症发生率、复发率均低于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。
  综上所述,葡萄膜炎并白内障术后治疗中实施滋肾明目饮联合方案,可显著改善患者视力水平,利于患者眼压的恢复,改善前房炎性反应及角膜指标,利于患者预后,适用于临床推广。
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  (收稿日期:2019-06-19  本文编辑:任秀兰)
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