分析等离子低温射频腺样体切除术临床疗效
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[摘要] 目的 探讨对腺样体肥大患儿选择等离子低温射频腺样体切除术治疗后获得的临床效果。方法 方便选择该院2017年3月—2019年4月收治的122例腺样体肥大患儿作为实验对象;数字奇偶法分组后探究每组治疗方法;比照组(61例):选择传统腺样体刮除术展开疾病治疗;实验组(61例):选择等离子低温射频腺样体切除术展开疾病治疗;最终就疾病治愈率、患儿失血量、手术时长以及术后疼痛时长展开对比。结果 实验组腺样体肥大患儿疾病治愈率(98.36%)高于比照组(75.41%)明显,差异有统计学意义(χ2=14.099,P<0.05);实验组失血量为(2.12±0.25)mL,手术时长为(9.92±2.52)min,术后疼痛时长为(17.25±2.99)h;比照组失血量为(15.49±3.55)mL,手术时长为(9.49±2.33)min,术后疼痛时长为(63.59±10.21)h;实验组腺样体肥大患儿失血量少于比照组明显,差异有统计学意义(t=29.342,P<0.05);手术时长同比照组比较,差异无统计学意义(t=0.978,P>0.05);术后疼痛时长短于比照组明显,差异有统计学意义(t=34.019,P<0.05)。结论 腺样体肥大患儿于临床接受等离子低温射频腺样体切除术治疗后,利于患儿疾病治愈率提升,失血量减少以及术后疼痛时长缩短,最终对于腺样体肥大患儿康复进程的缩短,奠定基础。
[关键词] 等离子低温射频腺样体切除术;传统腺样体刮除术;腺样体肥大;临床效果
[中图分类号] R766 [文献标识码] A [文章編号] 1674-0742(2020)01(c)-0046-03
To Analyze the Clinical Effect of Plasma Hypothermia Radiofrequency Adenoidectomy
GAO Zheng-wen, GUO Wen-shu
Department of Otolaryngology, First People's Hospital of Zhaotong City, Zhaotong,Yunnan Province, 657000 China
[Abstract] Objective To investigate the clinical effect of plasma hypothermia radiofrequency adenoidectomy in children with adenoidal hypertrophy. Methods 122 children convenient selection with adenoidal hypertrophy admitted to our hospital from March 2017 to April 2019 were selected as experimental subjects; the treatment methods of each group were explored after dividing the number parity method into groups; the control group (61 cases): traditional adenoidectomy was selected for disease treatment; the experimental group (61 cases): plasma cryogenic radiofrequency adenoidectomy was selected for disease treatment; and finally the cure rate and patients were discussed. The amount of blood loss, the length of operation and the length of pain after operation were compared. Results The cure rate of children with adenoidal hypertrophy in the experimental group (98.36%) was significantly higher than that in the control group (75.41%),the difference was statistically significant(χ2=14.099,P<0.05 ); the blood loss in the experimental group was (2.12±0.25) mL, and the duration of surgery was (9.92±2.52) min, the postoperative pain duration was (17.25±2.99) h; the blood loss in the control group was (15.49±3.55) mL, the operation duration was (9.49±2.33)min, and the postoperative pain duration was (63.59±10.21) h; The blood loss of children with adenoidal hypertrophy in the experimental group was less than that in the control group,the difference was statistically significant(t=29.342,P<0.05, ); the length of surgery was not significantly different compared with the control group,the difference was not statistically significant(t=0.978,P>0.05); the length of postoperative pain It was shorter than the control group,the difference was statistically significant (t=34.019,P<0.05, ). Conclusion Adenoid hypertrophy in children after clinical treatment of plasma low temperature radiofrequency adenoidectomy is conducive to the improvement of the cure rate of disease, the reduction of blood loss and the shortening of pain after surgery, and ultimately lays the foundation for the shortening of the rehabilitation process of children with adenoid hypertrophy. [Key words] Plasma hypothermia radiofrequency adenoidectomy; Traditional adenoidectomy; Adenoid hypertrophy; Clinical effect
腺樣体肥大属于发病率具有显著特点的儿童疾病,在患有该种疾病的同时,合并有分泌性中耳炎、OSAHS以及鼻窦炎等系列疾病,更为严重会呈现出腺样体面容的现象,患儿的智力发育受到严重影响,对此均为腺样体肥大所致,一经确诊后,需要立即采用手术疗法展开对应治疗,以将患儿的症状充分改善,传统腺样体刮除术的应用,无法获得理想效果,并且患儿术后会呈现出长时间疼痛现象,从而效果欠佳,需要确定更为有效术式展开腺样体肥大疾病治疗[1-2]。该次研究方便选择该院2017年3月—2019年4月收治的122例腺样体肥大患儿作为实验对象;针对腺样体肥大患者探究等离子低温射频腺样体切除术应用可行性,以对腺样体肥大患儿康复进程的缩短,做出保证。
1 资料与方法
1.1 一般资料
方便选择该院收治的122例腺样体肥大患儿作为实验对象;数字奇偶法分组后探究每组治疗方法;比照组(61例):男40例,女21例;年龄分布范围为4~15岁,平均年龄为(6.49±1.02)岁;病程分布范围为1~7年,平均病程为(3.52±0.29)年;实验组(61例):男42例,女19例;年龄分布范围为4~16岁,平均年龄为(6.52±1.03)岁;病程分布范围为1~8年,平均病程为(3.59±0.31)年;纳入标准:①患儿均呈现出憋气以及睡眠打鼾症状,并且合并表现出鼻塞流涕史;②对患儿实施声导抗检查以及鼻窦CT检查,最终发现未表现出分泌性中耳炎以及鼻窦炎的现象;③未表现出咽痛以及发热等系列症状;④知情同意书签署;排除标准:①患儿呈现出舌体肥大现象;②患儿呈现出口咽部不通畅现象;③患儿呈现出软腭肥厚低垂的现象;观察对比两组腺样体肥大患儿的性别、年龄、病程,结果差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。该研究经伦理委员会批准。
1.2 方法
收治的腺样体肥大患儿经过分组并准备治疗。比照组:患者进行经口气管插管静脉复合麻醉之后完成消毒以及包头铺巾等常规操作后,协助患儿在仰卧位条件下准备展开手术治疗,并且合理垫高患儿的肩部,针对患儿口咽部利用Davis开口器进行撑开暴露[3-4]完成后,准备腺样体刮匙通过患儿口腔放入,之后针对患儿肥大腺样体,利用刮匙进行平稳均匀推动,最终确保有效刮除,完成后,针对创面立即利用棉球展开压迫止血操作,并且检查有无出血的现象,最终完成手术治疗;实验组:针对腺样体肥大患儿,主要准备等离子手术系统治疗仪展开对应治疗;同样给予经口气管插管静脉复合麻醉,Davis开口器进行撑开暴露,通过患儿鼻子准备两根细导尿管对软腭进行悬吊,之后于鼻咽部准备鼻内镜70°镜置入,之后对患儿肥大腺样体、鼻孔与双侧咽鼓管圆枕进行观察,于直视条件下,针对患儿肥大腺样体,利用低温等离子刀头进行逐渐切割消融,至患儿后鼻孔位置停止,将肥大腺样体切除改善通气道后,对患儿合理展开等离子低温电凝止血操作,就术区是否呈现出出血情况进行观察,最终完成手术治疗[5-6]。
1.3 观察指标
观察对比两组腺样体肥大患儿疾病治愈率、患儿失血量、手术时长以及术后疼痛时长。
1.4 评定标准
治愈:患儿经过治疗后,客观检查指标以及主观症状均转为正常,表现出的发热、咽痛与咽部异物感均转为正常,未表现出闭塞流涕、憋气以及睡眠打鼾症状,对患儿实施鼻咽部CT检查以及纤维鼻咽镜检查,最终均显示正常。未治愈:腺样体肥大患儿经过治疗后,不满足疾病治愈标准。
1.5 统计方法
数据应用SPSS 21.0统计学软件进行分析,其中计数资料(%)进行χ2检验,计量资料(x±s)进行t检验,P<0.05为差异有统计学意义。
2 结果
2.1 疾病治愈率
实验组腺样体肥大患儿疾病治愈率(98.36%)高于比照组(75.41%)明显,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05),见表1。
表1 两组腺样体肥大患儿疾病治愈率临床对比[n(%)]
2.2 失血量、手术时长以及术后疼痛时长
实验组腺样体肥大患儿失血量少于比照组明显,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);手术时长同比照组比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);术后疼痛时长短于比照组明显,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05),见表2。
表2 两组腺样体肥大患儿失血量、手术时长以及术后疼痛时长
临床对比(x±s)
3 讨论
腺样体肥大属于发生率较为显著的一种儿童疾病,以往在选择腺样体刮除术对患儿治疗期间,无法对腺样体切除的深度以及广度进行充分掌握,患儿经过手术后,较高概率存在咽鼓管口损伤以及腺样体残留的现象,并且鼻咽前部以及上方表现出残留的现象,诸多患儿经过手术治疗后,仍然表现出憋气以及睡眠打鼾症状,并且对患儿实施纤维鼻咽镜复查后发现,在其后鼻孔位置以及鼻咽顶后壁位置,较易呈现出肥大腺样体残留的现象,从而无法对腺样体肥大治疗效果做出保证[7]。
在该种情形下,等离子低温射频腺样体切除术的有效应用,可以获得明显效果。具体实施期间,手术医师在对患儿腺样体大小边缘以及后鼻孔情况等进行评估期间,可以于直视条件下完成,对清晰术野的获得做出保证。通过鼻内镜引导,可以利用等离子刀头将患儿鼻咽顶壁腺样体以及后鼻孔腺样体有效切除,进而对手术的彻底性以及准确性做出保证,对于传统刮除术表现出的盲目性可以充分避免。此外,其对患儿在实施切割消融期间,主要于低温条件下展开,从而不会对附近组织造成热损伤的现象,可以将术后疼痛时长显著缩短,进而对患儿康复加快显著促进。此外,其针对附近黏膜不会表现出严重牵拉的现象,不会造成严重损伤,呈现出创面整齐的特点,可以将术后出血以及感染现象充分减少。 观察该次研究结果发现,实验组腺样体肥大患儿疾病治愈率(98.36%)明显高于比照组(75.41%);实验组腺样体肥大患儿失血量明显少于比照组;手术时长同比照组比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);术后疼痛时长明显短于比照组,同张兰宇[8]在《鼻内镜引导下低温等离子射频消融腺样体切除术与传统腺样体刮除术治疗腺样体肥大的效果及安全性分析》一文中表现出一致研究结论,文中观察组治疗总有效率95.56%明显高于对照组82.22%,进一步说明等离子低温射频腺样体切除术的应用可行性。
综上所述,腺样体肥大患儿于临床接受等离子低温射频腺样体切除术治疗后,利于患儿疾病治愈率提升,失血量减少以及术后疼痛时长缩短,最终充分促进腺样体肥大患儿康复进程的缩短。
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(收稿日期:2019-10-25)
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